摘要
[目的]探究发酵豆粕替代基础日粮中部分普通豆粕和麸皮对产蛋后期海兰褐蛋鸡生产性能、蛋品质及机体健康的影响,为发酵豆粕在老龄蛋鸡日粮中的合理应用提供依据。[方法]选取65周龄海兰褐蛋鸡480只,随机分为2组(每组4个重复,每个重复60只),对照组饲喂基础日粮,在日粮营养水平一致的条件下,试验组以5%发酵豆粕替代基础日粮中部分普通豆粕和麸皮。预试期1周,正试期8周。正试期每日记录产蛋数、合格蛋重、总采食量及死淘鸡数,计算产蛋率、平均蛋重等生产性能指标;试验结束时测定多项蛋品质指标,并采集血液测定脂质代谢及抗氧化相关指标,称量脏器重量并计算内脏器官指数,结合物料市价开展经济效益分析。[结果]与对照组相比,试验组产蛋率、日均耗料量显著降低(P<0.05),料蛋比及死淘率呈下降趋势但差异不显著(P>0.05);蛋壳颜色L^(*)值和b^(*)值(P<0.05)显著升高,其余蛋品质指标无显著差异(P>0.05);只均净利润增加0.12元,经济效益有所提升;内脏器官指数、卵巢重量、等级卵泡重量、等级卵泡及小黄卵泡数量无显著差异(P>0.05);血清三酰甘油(TG)含量显著降低(P<0.05),总胆固醇(T-CHO)、低密度脂蛋白(LDL-C)、高密度脂蛋白(HDL-C)含量无显著变化(P>0.05);血清总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)显著提升(P<0.05),过氧化氢酶(CAT)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性及丙二醛(MDA)含量无显著差异(P>0.05)。[结论]日粮营养水平一致前提下,5%发酵豆粕替代基础日粮中部分普通豆粕和麸皮,可改善产蛋后期海兰褐蛋鸡脂质代谢及机体抗氧化能力,优化蛋壳颜色,提升养殖经济效益,且对蛋鸡内脏器官发育无不良影响,可作为产蛋后期海兰褐蛋鸡日粮中普通豆粕的替代原料之一。
[Objective]To investigate the effects of replacing a portion of conventional soybean meal and wheat bran with fermented soybean meal in the basal diet on the production performance,egg quality,and health status of Hy-Line Brown laying hens during the late laying period,providing a basis for the rational application of fermented soybean meal in the diets of aging hens.[Methods]A total of 480 Hy-Line Brown laying hens aged 65 weeks old were selected and randomly assigned to two groups,with four replicates per group and 60 hens per replicate.The control group was fed a basal diet,while the experimental group received a diet where 5%fermented soybean meal replaced a portion of the conventional soybean meal and wheat bran under the condition of equal dietary nutritional levels.The pre-trial period lasted for 1 week,and the formal trial lasted 8 weeks.During the formal trial period,daily records were kept of the number of eggs laid,qualified egg weight,total feed intake,and mortality and culling number,and production performance indices,such as laying rate and average egg weight,were calculated.At the end of the trial,multiple egg quality indices were measured;blood samples were collected to determine lipid metabolism and antioxidant-related indices;organs were weighed to calculate visceral organ indices;and an economic benefit analysis was conducted based on market prices of materials.[Results]Compared with the control group,the experimental group showed significantly lower laying rates and average daily feed intake(P<0.05),while the feed-to-egg ratio and mortality/culling rate exhibited a downward trend without significant differences(P>0.05).The eggshell color L^(*)and b^(*)values were significantly increased(P<0.05),with no significant differences observed in other egg quality parameters(P>0.05).The net profit per hen increased by 0.12 RMB,indicating improved economic benefits.No significant differences were found in visceral organ indices,ovary weight,graded follicle weight,or the number of graded follicles and small yellow follicles(P>0.05).Serum triglyceride(TG)levels significantly decreased(P<0.05),whereas total cholesterol(T-CHO),low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C),and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C)showed no significant differences(P>0.05).Serum total antioxidant capacity(T-AOC)was significantly increased(P<0.05),while catalase(CAT),superoxide dismutase(SOD)activities,and malondialdehyde(MDA)content exhibited no significant differences(P>0.05).[Conclusion]Under equal dietary nutrient levels,replacing a portion of soybean meal and wheat bran with 5%fermented soybean meal can improve lipid metabolism and antioxidant capacity,optimize eggshell color,and enhance economic benefits for Hy-Line Brown laying hens during the late laying period,without adverse effects on visceral organ development.Fermented soybean meal can serve as an alternative ingredient to conventional soybean meal in the diets of Hy-Line Brown laying hens during the late laying period.
作者
陈铭
李啊诗
张仓宁
廖悦辰
李德慧
罗阳绮文
崔晓鹏
曲亮
沈曼曼
CHEN Ming;LI Ashi;ZHANG Cangning;LIAO Yuechen;LI Dehui;LUO Yangqiwen;CUI Xiaopeng;QU Liang;SHEN Manman(School of Biotechnology,Jiangsu University of Science and Technology,Zhenjiang212100,China;Yanling Sub-district Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Station,Taixing225400,China;Jiangsu Institute of Poultry Science,Yangzhou225125,China)
出处
《畜牧与饲料科学》
2026年第1期15-22,共8页
Animal Husbandry and Feed Science
基金
江苏现代农业产业技术体系建设项目(JATS[2023]290)。
关键词
发酵豆粕
产蛋后期
海兰褐蛋鸡
生产性能
蛋品质
脂质代谢
抗氧化能力
fermented soybean meal
Hy-Line Brown laying hens during the late laying period
production performance
egg quality
lipid metabolism
antioxidant capacity
