摘要
我国已经进入人口负增长阶段,亟须完善生育支持政策体系。通过对1 003份政策文件的分析发现,我国生育支持政策存在碎片化问题,具体表现为:政策靶向对“家庭本位”的动摇,对城乡的割裂和对户籍的限制;政策文件的制定主体跨部门合作不足,政策内容地区差异显著;政策工具使用单一分散,缺少对政策组合效应的考量。仅从政策角度分析生育支持政策碎片化成因,不足以解释和解决性别不平等、家庭伦理变革、就业市场规律交融下的碎片化问题。借助法政策学理论,从政策与法律的双重视角出发,发现政策对法律原则的轻视、政策法律依据离散、政策法律化迟滞、政策治理逻辑匮乏是生育支持政策碎片化的主要成因。生育支持政策的体系化应在政策与法律的协同下展开,强调法律在政策体系中的核心地位,明确生育共同体的权利义务关系,厘清政策生效的完整路径并整合政策工具,从而实现生育支持政策的功能目标。
China has entered a phase of negative population growth,necessitating the urgent establishment of a comprehensive system of fertility support policies.The analysis of 1,003 policy documents reveals that China's fertility support policies suffer from fragmentation,manifested in three aspects:policy targeting demonstrates a weakening of"family-oriented"principles,urban-rural division,and household registration restrictions;insufficient interdepartmental collaboration among policy-making bodies,with significant regional disparities in policy content;reliance on singular and dispersed policy instruments,lacking consideration for policy combination effects.However,analyzing the causes of this fragmentation solely from a policy perspective is inadequate to explain or address the issues arising from the intersection of gender inequality,evolving family ethics,and labor market dynamics.Leveraging theories of legal policy studies,from the dual perspectives of policy and law,this study identifies four root causes of fragmentation in fertility support policies:neglect of legal principles in policies,disconnected legal foundations for policies,delayed legalization of policies,deficient governance logic in policies.To systematize fertility support policies,it is essential to proceed through the synergistic collaboration of policy and law,emphasize the central role of law within the policy framework,clarify the rights-obligations of the fertility community,delineate a comprehensive pathway for policy implementation,and integrate policy tools.This approach will ultimately achieve the functional objectives of fertility support policies.
作者
胡鑫磊
何丽新
Hu Xinlei;He Lixin(School of Law,Xiamen University,Xiamen Fujian 361001,China)
出处
《河北经贸大学学报》
北大核心
2026年第2期39-51,共13页
Journal of Hebei University of Economics and Business
基金
国家社会科学基金重点项目“商业保险与社会保险衔接的法律机制研究”(24AFX011)。
关键词
生育支持政策
法政策学
政策碎片化
fertility support policies
legal policy studies
policy fragmentation
