摘要
我国淡水渔业正面临日益严峻的水污染挑战,开发高效、灵敏的生物监测与毒性评估工具迫在眉睫。文章系统综述了纤细裸藻(Euglena gracilis)作为兼具动植物特性的单细胞模式生物,在淡水环境毒理学中的应用进展,重点阐述了纤细裸藻对重金属、有机物及新型污染物的多层次响应特征(生理、生化及分子水平),解析了其在复合污染情境下的交互作用机制。同时,探讨了该物种作为毒性测试模型和生物监测工具的关键技术优势,并评估了其在渔业水质预警与生态风险评价中的应用潜力。针对现有研究在环境真实性模拟、深层机制解析等方面的不足,文章提出了构建智能监测平台、深化多组学融合分析及建立区域毒性数据库等未来方向,旨在为淡水渔业环境保护提供理论依据与技术支撑。
Our nation′s freshwater fisheries are confronting escalating water pollution challenges,rendering the development of efficient and sensitive biomonitoring and toxicity assessment tools an urgent necessity.This paper systematically reviews the advancements in the application of Euglena gracilis,a single-celled model organism possessing both plant and animal characteristics,within the field of freshwater environmental toxicology.We focus on elucidating the multi-level response patterns of E.gracilis—encompassing physiological,biochemical,and molecular levels—to heavy metals,organic pollutants,and emerging contaminants,while also analyzing the interaction mechanisms under complex pollution scenarios.Furthermore,we discuss the critical technological advantages of this species as a toxicity testing model and biomonitoring tool,and evaluate its potential for application in fishery water quality early warning and ecological risk assessment.Addressing the limitations in current research concerning the simulation of environmental realism and the deep mechanistic insights,this paper proposes future directions,including the establishment of intelligent monitoring platforms,the enhancement of multi-omics integrated analysis,and the creation of regional toxicity databases,with the aim of providing theoretical foundations and technical support for the environmental protection of freshwater fisheries.
作者
倪俨
姜沈怡
代浩然
乙珍珍
郑雅
NI Yan;JIANG Shenyi;DAI Haoran;YI Zhenzhen;ZHENG Ya(College of Life Sciences,Shanghai Normal University,Shanghai 200234,China)
出处
《淡水渔业》
北大核心
2026年第2期116-124,共9页
Freshwater Fisheries
