摘要
锂及其化合物兼具绿色能源材料与战略物资的双重属性。开发选择性锂提取与资源化回收技术,对于缓解战略金属资源短缺和实现环境污染协同治理具有重要意义。本文了以靶向吸附技术为核心,系统综述了近年来涌现的新型提锂吸附材料的研究进展,重点关注金属有机骨架(MOF)、三维锂离子笼以及离子印迹聚合物等材料,深入剖析其结构特点、吸附提锂机制以及各自的优势与不足。针对粉末状吸附材料在工业应用中面临的瓶颈,讨论了造粒、泡沫/海绵成型等关键成型技术。此外,结合盐湖提锂工程实例分析了吸附材料的潜在应用前景。最后,对未来靶向吸附材料的设计方向及应用前景进行了展望,旨在为盐湖锂资源的高效利用提供材料设计和工程应用方面的参考。
Lithium and its compounds are simultaneously crucial for green energy technologies and considered strategic materials.Consequently,the development of selective lithium extraction and resource recovery technologies is vital for mitigating strategic metal resource scarcity and achieving comprehensive environmental pollution management.This review focuses on targeted adsorption technology,systematically examining recent advancements in novel lithium extraction adsorption materials.Specifically,we delve into materials such as metal-organic framework(MOF),threedimensional lithium-ion sieves,and ion-imprinted polymers,providing in-depth analyses of their structural characteristics,adsorption mechanisms for lithium extraction,and respective advantages and limitations.Addressing the challenges associated with powdered adsorption materials in industrial applications,we discuss critical shaping technologies,including granulation and foam/sponge molding.Furthermore,we analyze the potential application prospects of these adsorption materials,contextualized by examples of lithium extraction projects from salt lakes.Finally,we offer a prospective view on the design direction and future applications of targeted adsorption materials,aiming to provide valuable insights for material design and engineering applications in the efficient utilization of lithium resources from salt lakes.
作者
刘海辰
吴天鹏
杜清宇
郭正威
张凯
LIU Haichen;WU Tianpeng;DU Qingyu;GUO Zhengwei;ZHANG Kai(The Key Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Functional Biology and Pollution Control in Red Soil Regions,School of Life Sciences,Jinggangshan University,Ji'an 343009,China)
出处
《水处理技术》
北大核心
2026年第3期31-38,45,共9页
Technology of Water Treatment
基金
国家重点研发计划项目(2023YFC3904804)
国家自然科学基金(U24A20194,52300090)
江西省自然科学基金(20232BAB214091)
研究生创新专项资金(ycxj2024-s013,YC2024-S669)。
关键词
锂
靶向吸附
吸附材料
成型技术
lithium
targeted adsorption
adsorption material
shaping techniques
