摘要
对含铬废水治理的各种有效技术和方法进行综述,结果发现吸附、光催化、化学还原、离子交换、膜分离以及微生物法等常见方法在处理Cr(Ⅵ)废水时各有其独特的优缺点,而通过将这些方法组合使用,可以显著提高处理效果,展现出更大的优势。其中吸附法的去除效果较好,技术简单但易受污水pH等要素影响;不易产生二次污染的光催化法效率高,由于需添加大量化学试剂导致处理成本较高,且由于水体中阴离子猝灭自由基影响去除效果;产生大量污泥的化学还原法目前应用广泛且技术成熟,增加处理成本;膜原材料和离子交换树脂易受污染且成本较高的离子交换法和膜分离法易于操作且工艺简单;成本较低且技术成熟的生物法处理效果优秀,但微生物会因Cr(Ⅵ)毒害死亡后菌株数量减少,致使处理效果下降;目前组合工艺能够结合不同方法的优势,高效环保的去除Cr(Ⅵ),且在实际应用中研究较少。本文通过研究和分析不同工艺的原理和应用案例,为实际工程中的重金属含Cr(Ⅵ)废水处理提供一定的理论和实践指导与参考。
This paper reviews various effective technologies for treating Cr(VI)-containing wastewater.It was found that common methods—including adsorption,photocatalysis,chemical reduction,ion exchange,membrane separation,and microbial treatment—exhibit unique advantages and disadvantages in Cr(VI)wastewater treatment.Combining these methods can significantly improve treatment performance and demonstrate greater applicability.Among them,the adsorption method has better removal effect,and the technology is simple but easy to be affected by factors such as sewage pH;the photo catalytic method has high efficiency and is not easy to produce secondary pollution,but it needs to add a large number of chemical reagents,the cost is high,and the removal effect is affected by the quenching of free radicals by anions in water.The chemical reduction method is widely used and the technology is mature,but it will produce a large amount of sludge and increase the treatment cost.The ion exchange method and membrane separation method are easy to operate and the process is simple,but the membrane raw materials and ion exchange resins are susceptible to pollution and the cost is high.The biological method has excellent treatment effect,low cost and mature technology,but the number of strains will decrease after the death of microorganisms due to Cr(VI)poisoning,resulting in a decrease in treatment effect.Currently,combined processes integrate the advantages of different methods to achieve efficient and eco-friendly Cr(VI)removal,but relevant research on their practical applications remains limited.By reviewing the principles and application cases of various treatment processes,this paper provides theoretical and practical guidance for treating Cr(VI)-containing heavy metal wastewater in engineering practice.
作者
孙凯鹏
孙好芬
张明芳
杨传玺
赵伟华
王炜亮
SUN Kaipeng;SUN Haofen;ZHANG Mingfang;YANG Chuanxi;ZHAO Weihua;WANG Weiliang(School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering,Qingdao University of Technology,Qingdao 266520,China)
出处
《水处理技术》
北大核心
2026年第3期16-23,共8页
Technology of Water Treatment
基金
国家自然科学基金面上项目(31570355,52378248,22078168)
山东省大学生创新创业训练项目(X202400110)。
关键词
六价铬
工业废水治理
物化法
生物法
组合工艺
Cr(VI)
industrial wastewater treatment
physical and chemical methods
biological methods
combined processes
