摘要
针对黄金冶炼氰化贫液成分复杂、毒性强、传统处理方法易导致硫酸根累积等行业共性问题,以某企业高、低浓度2种氰化贫液为对象,系统研究了硫化法(硫化—酸化—回收—再循环工艺)的净化效能与资源回收潜力。通过考察沉锌与沉铜阶段的关键控制参数(pH值、硫氢化钠投加量等),确定了最优工艺条件:低浓度贫液锌区pH=7.0~7.3,铜区pH=4.1~4.3;高浓度贫液锌区pH=6.0~6.8,铜区pH=3.8~4.1;硫氢化钠投加量均为目标金属离子物质的量的105%。结果表明,该工艺可实现铜、锌的高效选择性回收,低浓度氰化贫液中锌、铜回收率分别达92.5%和98.2%;高浓度氰化贫液中锌、铜回收率分别为72.7%和97.8%。所得锌泥锌品位>40%、铜泥铜品位>45%,可直接外售创造经济效益。工艺的核心创新在于通过反应路径设计,使酸化阶段引入的硫酸根在中和阶段以石膏形式有效沉淀,从而将系统硫酸根净增量从酸化工艺的40 g/L降至5 g/L,从根本上抑制了硫酸根富集趋势。该研究为复杂氰化贫液的处理提供了同时实现资源回收与系统盐度平衡的创新解决方案,具有重要的工程应用价值。
Aiming at common issues in the gold smelting industry,such as the complex composition and high toxicity of cyanidation barren solution and the tendency of traditional treatment methods to cause sulfate accumulation,this paper systematically investigated the purification efficiency and resource recovery potential of the sulfurization process(sulfurization-acidification-recovery-recycling process)using high and low concentration cyanidation barren solutions from an enterprise as the subjects.By examining key control parameters(pH value,sodium hydrosulfide dosage,etc.)during the zinc and copper precipitation stages,the optimal process conditions were determined:for low-concentration barren solution,pH=7.0~7.3in the zinc stage and pH=4.1~4.3 in the copper stage;for high-concentration barren solution,pH=6.0~6.8in the zinc stage and pH=3.8~4.1 in the copper stage.The sodium hydrosulfide dosage was 105%of the molar amount of the target metal ions in both cases.The results showed that this process enables efficient selective recovery of copper and zinc.The recovery rates for zinc and copper in low-concentration cyanidation barren solution reached 92.5%and 98.2%,respectively,while those in high-concentration cyanidation barren solution were 72.7%and 97.8%,respectively.The resulting zinc sludge had a zinc grade>40%,and the copper sludge had a copper grade>45%,both of which could be directly sold to generate economic benefits.The core innovation of the process lies in the reaction pathway design,which effectively precipitates the sulfate ions introduced during the acidification stage as gypsum during the neutralization stage,thereby reducing the net sulfate increment in the system from 40 g/L in conventional acidification processes to 5 g/L,fundamentally suppressing sulfate accumulation.This study provides an innovative solution for treating complex cyanidation barren solutions that simultaneously achieves resource recovery and system salinity balance,offering significant engineering application value.
作者
姜凯文
李寿江
李永浩
杨海江
JIANG Kaiwen;LI Shoujiang;LI Yonghao;YANG Haijiang(Shandong Gold Smelting Co.,Ltd.,Shandong Gold Group)
出处
《现代矿业》
2026年第2期207-212,共6页
Modern Mining
关键词
氰化贫液
硫化法
硫酸根富集
pH调控
cyanide-depleted solution
sulfidation method
sulfate accumulation
pH control
