摘要
肠道病毒71(EV71)是一种阳性单链RNA病毒,会造成手足口病、幼儿神经系统损伤等严重疾病。EV71感染宿主的过程是病毒与宿主免疫系统相互作用的过程,但是EV71通过干预多种宿主免疫信号通路逃避免疫攻击,从而促进其生存和复制。本文简述了EV71通过与宿主细胞表面受体结合感染宿主的过程,并指出其结构蛋白和非结构蛋白在病毒入侵及后续免疫逃逸中的关键作用。重点论述了EV71的免疫逃逸机制,包括抑制先天免疫信号通路、逃逸适应性免疫应答、调控宿主细胞凋亡与自噬及干扰补体系统等。深入了解EV71的感染机制与免疫逃逸策略,有助于揭示病毒致病的分子基础,也为研发更有效的抗病毒药物和疫苗提供理论依据。
Enterovirus 71(EV71)is a positive-sense single-stranded RNA virus responsible for severe diseases such as hand,foot,and mouth disease and neurological damage in young children.The process of EV71 infection involves intricate interactions between the virus and the host immune system.Crucially,EV71 evades immune attack by interfering with multiple host immune signaling pathways,thereby promoting its survival and replication.This article begins with a brief description of the EV71 infection process,initiated by binding to host cell surface receptors.It highlights the pivotal roles played by both its structural and non-structural proteins in viral entry and subsequent immune evasion.The review focuses in detail on the mechanisms employed by EV71 to evade host immunity.These mechanisms include:Inhibition of innate immune signaling pathways,evasion of adaptive immune responses,modulation of host cell apoptosis and autophagy and interference with the complement system.A deeper understanding of EV71's infection mechanisms and immune evasion strategies is essential for elucidating the molecular basis of its pathogenesis.Furthermore,this knowledge provides a critical theoretical foundation for developing more effective antiviral therapeutics and vaccines.
作者
郭堃
田文霞
陈静
李玉霞
GUO Kun;TIAN Wenxia;CHEN Jing;LI Yuxia(Department of Pediatrics,Affiliated Hospital of Gansu University of Chinese Medicine,Lanzhou 730000,China)
出处
《中国免疫学杂志》
北大核心
2026年第3期534-540,共7页
Chinese Journal of Immunology
基金
国家自然科学基金(82160921)。
关键词
EV71
结构蛋白
抗体
免疫逃逸
综述
EV71
Structural proteins
Antibodies
Immune evasion
Review
