摘要
随着可持续发展理念的深入实践,植被生态修复技术在受损河流系统治理中得到日益广泛的应用。本文全面调查了河道扰动区内的物种组成及植被特征,旨在为河道生态系统修复提供实践指导。依托某水系连通项目,按照水位和土地利用类型将工程扰动区分为主体河道工程区(A1)、临时施工道路区(A2)、工程弃渣堆放区(A3)、土料开采区(A4)和表土临时堆置区(A5)等5个区域进行植被取样调查,采用α多样性指标对工程扰动区植被恢复情况进行综合分析。结果表明:1)研究区物种类型以草本植物和灌木为主,分别占总物种数的70.59%和15.98%;2)Patrick丰富度指数从大到小排列顺序依次为A1,A3,A4,A5和A2,不同样地内植被群落的Shannon-Wiener指数表现出与Patrick丰富度指数一致的变化趋势,而Simpson优势度指数则相反;3)在主体河道工程区的3个垂直梯度带上,随着高度增加,Patrick丰富度指数和Shannon-Wiener指数随之增加,Simpson优势度指数和Pielou均匀度指数呈先减小后小幅上升趋势。草本植物在河道整治工程扰动区植被生态修复过程中占有主导地位,基本形成比较明显的草灌乔植被群落,不同工程扰动区植被恢复效果有明显差异,水位变化会显著影响河道工程区植被的恢复效果。研究成果可为类似项目的植被恢复措施布局提供借鉴。
With the in-depth implementation of the concept of sustainable development,vegetation ecological restoration technologies have been increasingly applied in the management of degraded river systems.The paper comprehensively investigated the species composition and vegetation characteristics within disturbed river channel areas,aiming to provide practical guidance for river ecosystem restoration.Relying on a water system connectivity project,the disturbed areas of the project were divided into five different zones according to water level and land use types:the main river channel engineering area(A1),the temporary construction road area(A2),the engineering waste rock dumping area(A3),the soil material mining area(A4),and the temporary topsoil stacking area(A5).Vegetation sampling surveys were conducted in these areas,and theα-diversity index was used to comprehensively analyze the vegetation restoration situation in the disturbed areas.The results showed that:1)The species types in the study area were mainly herbaceous plants and shrubs,accounting for 70.59%and 15.98%of the total species,respectively.2)The Patrick richness indices were ranked from high to low as A1,A3,A4,A5,and A2.The ShannonWiener index of the vegetation communities in different plots showed a consistent trend with the Patrick richness indices,while the Simpson dominance index was the opposite.3)In the three vertical gradient zones of the main river channel engineering area,as the height increased,the Patrick richness index and ShannonWiener index increased,while the Simpson dominance index(D)and Pielou evenness index first decreased and then slightly increased.Herbaceous plants play a dominant role in the vegetation ecological restoration process of the disturbed areas in river channel improvement projects,and a relatively obvious vegetation community of grass,shrubs,and trees had basically formed.There were significant differences in the vegetation restoration effects in different disturbed areas of the project,and water level changed significantly affect the restoration effect of vegetation in the river channel engineering area.The research results can provide references for the layout of vegetation restoration measures in similar river ecological restoration projects.
作者
刘全
吴丹
LIU Quan;WU Dan(Changjiang Survey,Planning,Design and Research Co.,Ltd.,Shanghai 200439,China;Shanghai Chuanhe Water Resources Planning and Design Co.,Ltd.,Shanghai 201206,China)
出处
《江淮水利科技》
2026年第1期26-30,共5页
Jianghuai Water Resources Science and Technology
关键词
工程扰动
河道治理
水位变化
植被恢复
engineering disturbance
river management
water level change
vegetation restoration
