摘要
【目的】电动汽车电池包的安全性能对车辆整体安全性具有重要作用。由于电动汽车具有独特的结构和动力系统,其在碰撞安全方面面临更多挑战。为最大限度地提高电动汽车电池包的安全性能,提出将负泊松比材料填充至电池包,利用其轻质、隔振性好和抗冲击性能高等性能特点,提升电池包的抗冲击性能和安全性能。【方法】首先,以具有内凹六边形胞元结构的负泊松比材料为研究对象,采用准静态压缩试验和仿真,验证内凹六边形负泊松比结构具有明显的负泊松比效应;然后,将负泊松比材料填充至电池包中,进行冲击响应分析;最后,采用响应面优化方法,以负泊松比电池包的最大等效应力最小和变形最小为优化目标,对用负泊松比材料填充的电池包的整体结构进行优化。【结果】结果表明,负泊松比电池包的最大等效应力相较原型电池包减小了26.93%,最大变形减小了36.92%,最大加速度减小了44.76%,负泊松比电池包具有更加优越的安全性能。相较于优化前,优化后的负泊松比电池包的安全性得以进一步提升。
[Objective]The safety performance of the battery pack is a critical factor for the overall safety of electric vehicles.Owing to the unique structures and power systems of electric vehicles,they face more challenges in crash safety.To maximize the safety performance of electric vehicle battery packs,the negative Poisson ratio materials were filled into the battery packs.By leveraging the superior properties of negative Poisson ratio materials,such as light weight,excellent vibration isolation and high impact resistance,the impact resistance and safety performance of the battery packs are enhanced.[Methods]First,the negative Poisson ratio material with a concave hexagonal cell structure was taken as the research object.Quasi-static compression test and simulation were carried out to verify that the concave hexagonal structure with negative Poisson ratio structure exhibits an obvious negative Poisson ratio effect.Second,the negative Poisson ratio material was filled into the battery pack,and the impact response analysis was conducted on the negative Poisson ratio-structure-filled battery pack.Finally,the response surface optimization method was adopted,with the minimization of the maximum equivalent stress and the maximum deformation of the battery pack filled with negative Poisson ratio material as the optimization objectives,to optimize the overall structure of the battery pack filled with negative Poisson ratio material.[Results]The results show that the maximum equivalent stress of the battery pack filled with negative Poisson ratio material is reduced by 26.93%compared with that of the original battery pack,the maximum deformation is decreased by 36.92%,and the maximum acceleration is decreased by 46.43%.The battery pack filled with negative Poisson ratio material demonstrates significantly superior safety performance.In addition,the safety performance of the optimized battery pack filled with negative Poisson ratio material is further improved in comparison with that before optimization.
作者
陈艺文
李煜
杨昆
王益博
CHEN Yiwen;LI Yu;YANG Kun;WANG Yibo(College of Mechanical Engineering and Automation,Liaoning University of Technology,Jinzhou 121001,China)
出处
《机械强度》
北大核心
2026年第3期104-113,共10页
Journal of Mechanical Strength
基金
辽宁省教育厅科学研究经费项目(JQL202015406)。
关键词
电动汽车电池包
负泊松比
准静态压缩
响应面优化
试验设计
安全性能
Electric car battery pack
Negative Poisson ratio
Quasi-static compression
Response surface optimization
Test design
Safety performance
