摘要
仁礼关系问题既是孔子思想核心之争的关键,也是儒家思想内部的基本矛盾,学界对此历来有不同认识。上博简《君子为礼》首章揭示出孔子思想中的“礼→义→仁”结构,其中之“义”在等同于仁的全部要求的同时,也可以理解为礼的全部精神,进而可以视之为“礼义”。孔子在春秋“礼”“仪”之辨的影响下,创造性地生成了礼义思维:仁是最大的礼义,礼是礼义的基础,中庸是礼义的至美之境,礼义就是孔子思想中的“总问题”。仁礼关系的矛盾运动为千百年来儒学的发展演进提供了动力,作为思想论题的“礼义”,同样可以作为线索和方法,去对孔子思想乃至整个早期儒学形成一种新的理解和诠释。
The issue of the relationship between benevolence and rites is not only central to debates surrounding the core of Confucius’s thought but also represents a fundamental tension within Confucian philosophy.Academic circles have long held diverse perspectives on this matter.The first chapter of the Shanghai Museum bamboo slip text Junzi Weili reveals a“rites→righteousness→benevolence”structure in Confucius’s thought.Here,“righteousness”can be understood as encompassing the entirety of benevolence’s requirements while simultaneously representing the complete spirit of rites,thus constituting what may be termed“rites-righteousness”.Influenced by the Spring and Autumn period’s distinction between“rites”and“mere ceremonial rituals”,Confucius creatively developed rites-righteousness thinking:benevolence is the ultimate rites-righteousness,rites form the foundation of rites-righteousness,the mean(zhongyong)represents the perfect state of rites-righteousness,and rites-righteousness itself constitutes the problematic in Confucius’s thought.The contradictory movement of the relationship between benevolence and rites has provided impetus for the development and evolution of Confucianism for thousands of years.As a conceptual theme,ritesrighteousness can also be used as a clue and a method to form a new understanding and interpretation of Confucius thought and even the whole early Confucianism.
作者
郭云鹏
GUO Yun-peng(School of Humanities,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China)
出处
《宝鸡文理学院学报(社会科学版)》
2026年第1期20-25,共6页
Journal of Baoji University of Arts and Sciences(Social Science Edition)
基金
国家社科基金中国历史研究院重大历史问题研究专项重大招标项目:考古学视野下中华民族共同体意识的形成与发展研究(项目编号:22VLS002)。
关键词
仁礼关系
礼义
孔子
《君子为礼》
benevolence-rites relationship
rites-righteousness
Confucius
Junzi Weili
