摘要
大面积土工膜防渗工程中容易发生气胀现象甚至胀破问题,但由于伴随土工膜应用而出现的气胀问题历史较短,目前针对该问题的案例研究仍然较少,缺乏系统调查与分析。采用文献调研、分类分析和统计分析方法,共收集、整理和分析了30例土工膜气胀变形及破坏案例。根据土工膜铺设位置(底部、岸坡及上部浮/覆盖)、出现阶段(现场试验、铺设施工、首次蓄水及工程运行阶段)和工程类型(地面蓄水、蓄液及蓄固体废弃物/固液混合物)三个层级,形成土工膜气胀问题案例分类体系,构建土工膜气胀问题典型案例库。在当前案例库中,土工膜铺设在底部时产生气胀问题的案例数量最多(80.0%),气胀问题多产生在工程运行(66.7%)和首次蓄水(23.3%)阶段,地面蓄水工程、地面蓄液工程、地面固体废弃物或固液混合物等收集设施中发生气胀问题的比例约为43.3%、33.3%和23.3%,现场施工及环境因素(63.3%)、膜下滞留空气(30.0%)、地下水位上升(23.3%)、土工膜渗漏(13.3%)以及新产生气/液体(13.3%)是引发气胀问题的主要因素,造成的主要影响是土工膜的鼓胀或胀破(96.7%)以及渗漏问题(30.0%),而设置排水排气通道(16.7%)和覆盖物压重(13.3%)是最主要的防治措施。案例调查与典型案例库建设将为气胀问题研究提供充足的实证基础,有效支撑后续研究和问题解决。
Air bulging(also known as“whale”or“hippo”)and even failure frequently occur in large-area geomembrane seepage control projects.However,since the issue emerged with relatively short history alongside geomembrane applications,current case studies remain scarce and lack systematic investigation.This study employs literature review,categorical analysis,and statistical methods to collect,organize,and analyze 30 cases of geomembrane bulging deformation and failure.Based on three hierarchical criteria:installation position(basal,slope,and floating/cover geomembranes),occurrence stage(field testing,construction,initial impoundment,and operational phases),and project type(water storage,liquid containment,and solid/slurry waste facilities),a comprehensive classification system was formed and case database was established for geomembrane bulging deformation and failure issues.According to the case database,baseinstalled geomembranes accounted for the highest proportion(80.0%)of air bulging cases.Most issues arose during the operational phase(66.7%),followed by initial impoundment(23.3%).Cases were reported in surface water storage(43.3%),liquid containment(33.3%),and solid waste/slurry storage(23.3%)facilities.Construction/environmental factors(63.3%),trapped air beneath geomembranes(30.0%),groundwater rise(23.3%),geomembrane leakage(13.3%)and newly generated gas/liquid(13.3%)were the primary causes of air bulging.Their main consequences included bulging or rupture of geomembrane(96.7%)and leakage(30.0%)while venting/drainage pathways(16.7%)and overburden weight(13.3%)were the primary countermeasures.The case survey and database will provide a robust empirical foundation for air bulging research,effectively supporting subsequent studies and problem-solving efforts.
作者
薛霞
汪万升
官庆朔
李旺林
国宪虎
XUE Xia;WANG Wan-sheng;GUAN Qing-shuo;LI Wang-lin;GUO Xian-hu(Water Resources Research Institute of Shandong Province,Jinan 250013,Shandong Province,China;Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Environment,Jinan 250013,Shandong Province,China;College of Water Conservancy and Hydropower Engineering,Hohai University,Nanjing 210098,Jiangsu Province,China;Qingdao Water Conservancy Survey and Design Institute Co.Ltd.,Jinan 250013,Shandong Province,China;School of Water Conservancy and Environment,University of Jinan,Jinan 250022,Shandong Province,China)
出处
《中国农村水利水电》
北大核心
2026年第3期64-74,共11页
China Rural Water and Hydropower
基金
山东省自然科学基金项目(ZR2019MEE106)
山东省重点研发计划项目(2023CXGC010905)。
关键词
土工膜
气胀
鼓胀变形
案例
分析
geomembrane
air bulging
bulging deformation
case
analysis
