摘要
基于2024年辽宁省古树名木资源数据库更新数据与实地调研,剖析其资源特征并提出保护策略。结果显示:辽宁古树名木呈“群状为主(87.8%,37个古树群)、散生为辅(12.2%)”分布,空间上“西多东少、北多南少”,名木稀缺(仅占1.23%)。资源涵盖35科74属148种,柏科(48.29%)、松科(28.58%)、鼠李科(15.21%)为优势科,侧柏与油松为主体树种。古树保护等级呈“金字塔形”,一级保护古树、二级保护古树、三级保护古树株数分别占全省古树总株数的2.75%、22.09%、75.16%。古树生长势总体良好(良好占91.40%),但81.80%的古树生境受到破坏;管护责任全面落实,日常管护较好,但专业养护普及率低(2023—2025年抢救复壮率仅0.23%,有保护措施占12.78%);54.05%已开发利用(多分布于景区、陵寝),但景区游览路径周边古树受人为干扰显著,近半数古树名木未开发利用。基于此,该文提出古树名木保护策略,即强化资源密集区管理、提升管护水平、及时抢救复壮、防控人为干扰、挖掘古树名木价值与加强宣传等,为辽宁省古树名木的科学保护提供支撑。
Based on the updated data of the resource database of ancient and famous trees in Liaoning Province in 2024 and field research,this paper analyzes the resource characteristics and proposes protection strategies.The results show that the distribution of ancient and famous trees in Liaoning Province is dominated by“group-like”(87.8%,37 ancient tree groups)with scattered individuals as a supplement(12.2%).In terms of spatial distribution,there are more in the west and fewer in the east,and more in the north and fewer in the south.Famous trees are scarce(only accounting for 1.23%).The resources cover 148 species belonging to 74 genera in 35 families,with Cupressaceae(48.29%),Pinaceae(28.58%),and Rhamnaceae(15.21%)being dominant families,and Platycladus orientalis and Pinus tabuliformis being the dominant tree species.The protection level of ancient trees is in a“pyramid shape”,with the number of firstclass protected ancient trees,second-class protected ancient trees,and third-class protected ancient trees accounting for 2.75%,22.09%,and 75.16%of the total number of resources in the province,respectively.The growth of ancient trees is generally good(91.40%are in good condition),but 81.80%of their habitats have been damaged;the responsibility for management and protection has been fully implemented,with good daily management and protection,but the popularity of professional conservation is low(the recovery rate from 2023 to 2025 is only 0.23%,and only 12.78%have protective measures);54.05%have been developed and utilized(mostly distributed in scenic spots and tombs),but the ancient trees around scenic spots are significantly disturbed by humans,and nearly half of the ancient and famous trees have not been developed or utilized.Based on this,this paper proposes protection strategies for ancient and famous trees,including strengthening management in densely populated areas,improving management and protection levels,timely recovery and rejuvenation,preventing and controlling human interference,tapping the value of ancient and famous trees,and strengthening publicity to provide support for the scientific protection of ancient and famous trees in Liaoning Province.
作者
党晨
DANG Chen(Liaoning Forestry Development Service Center,Shenyang 110036,China)
出处
《辽宁林业科技》
2026年第1期35-39,共5页
Liaoning Forestry Science and Technology
关键词
古树名木
资源特征
保护策略
ancient and famous trees
resource characteristics
protection strategies
