摘要
利用籽粒苋的重金属吸附特性,制备含重金属生物质复合泡沫材料,并对其性能进行系统分析。通过真空冷冻干燥法,以热塑性聚氨酯(TPU)和聚丙烯腈(PAN)为载体,分别加入不同比例的含Cd籽粒苋粉末(10%、20%、40%、50%),制备不同种类的复合泡沫,并对其热稳定性、导热性、密度、厚度及水接触角等物理化学性能进行表征。研究结果表明,随着籽粒苋含量的增加,泡沫的孔隙结构趋于紧密,导热系数降低,隔热性能提升。此外,含重金属籽粒苋粉末的复合泡沫热稳定性增强,在高温下的重量损失较小,表现出良好的耐热性。同时,复合泡沫的疏水性随着籽粒苋含量的增加而增强,提高了防水性能。密度和厚度测试结果表明,较高比例的籽粒苋粉末使泡沫密度增大,厚度增加,从而增强材料的机械强度。本研究为含重金属植物废弃物的资源化利用提供了新思路,并拓展了生物质基复合材料在环境修复及工程应用中的潜在价值。
The heavy metal adsorption properties of Amaranthus hypochondriacus were utilized to prepare biomass composite foams containing heavy metals,and their performance were systematically analyzed.Using the vacuum freezedrying method,thermoplastic polyurethane(TPU)and polyacrylonitrile(PAN)were used as carriers,with different proportions of Cd-containing Amaranthus hypochondriacus powder(10%,20%,40%,50%)added to prepare various types of composite foams.The physicochemical properties of the foams,including thermal stability,thermal conductivity,density,thickness and water contact angle,were characterized.The results indicated that as the Amaranthus hypochondriacus content increased,the pore structure of the foam became denser,the thermal conductivity decreased,and the thermal insulation performance improves.Additionally,the thermal stability of the composite foam containing heavy metal Amaranthus hypochondriacus powder was enhanced,with lower weight loss at high temperatures,demonstrating good heat resistance.Furthermore,the hydrophobicity of the composite foam increased with the Amaranthus hypochondriacus content,improving water resistance.Density and thickness tests showed that a higher proportion of Amaranthus hypochondriacus powder increased foam density and thickness,thereby enhancing the mechanical strength of the material.This study provided a new approach for the resource utilization of heavy metal-containing plant waste and expanded the potential value of biomass-based composite materials in environmental remediation and engineering applications.
作者
吴姗姗
WU Shanshan(College of Environment and Art,Wuxi Open University,Jiangsu Wuxi 214000,China)
出处
《广州化工》
2026年第5期68-71,共4页
GuangZhou Chemical Industry
关键词
废弃生物质
重金属
泡沫
复合材料
性能
waste biomass
heavy metal
froth
composite material
performance
