摘要
目的利用缢蛏肉营养成分和蛏壳矿物元素组成信息,构建能够有效判别不同产地及养殖模式的缢蛏产地判别模型。方法以浙江临海、三门、宁海(围塘养殖)和象山(滩涂养殖)4个主产区的缢蛏为研究对象,系统分析了其外观性状、营养成分、氨基酸组成、脂肪酸组成及矿物元素含量等品质指标,通过主成分分析(principal component analysis,PCA)、偏最小二乘判别分析(partial least squares discriminant analysis,PLS-DA)和变量重要性投影(variable importance in the projection,VIP)筛选出影响缢蛏产地判别分析的关键特征参数,构建不同产地缢蛏判别模型。结果品质分析表明,不同产区及养殖模式的缢蛏特征具有明显差异:三门(围塘)缢蛏的氨基酸含量(49.88 g/100 g)、多不饱和脂肪酸比例(41.46%)最高;宁海(围塘)缢蛏的微量元素含量相对较高;象山(滩涂)缢蛏多项营养指标含量相对较低。PCA、PLS-DA和VIP筛选出19个关键特征参数,分别为缢蛏软组织中铁、锰、铜、钙、锌等5种矿物质,二十碳五烯酸、二十二碳六烯酸等8种脂肪酸,丙氨酸;蛏壳中钠、锰、硒、镁、钙等5种矿物质。所构建的PLS-DA模型拟合优度良好。围塘养殖与滩涂养殖的样本在潜变量空间分布上存在明显区分;同时,3个围塘养殖的毗邻产区样本亦呈现各自独立的聚类趋势,表明模型能有效捕捉由产地和养殖模式共同塑造的化学指纹差异。结论本研究筛选出19个缢蛏产地判别关键特征参数,构建的判别模型,能有效区分浙江省内不同产地及养殖模式(围塘和滩涂)的缢蛏。该模型不仅克服了养殖模式差异带来的干扰,成功实现了对象山(滩涂)产区的准确判别,同时对3个围塘养殖的毗邻产区(临海、三门、和宁海)也展现出良好的区分能力,为复杂养殖背景下的缢蛏产地溯源提供了可靠的技术手段。
Objective To utilize the nutritional composition of the meat and the mineral element composition of the shells of the Sinonovacula constricta to construct a reliable model for discriminating the origin and farming mode of the species.Methods The 4 major production areas in Zhejiang Province,namely Linhai,Sanmen,Ninghai(pond farming)and Xiangshan(mudflat farming),were selected as the research subjects.The quality indicators of the Sinonovacula constricta,including appearance traits,nutritional composition,amino acid composition,fatty acid composition and mineral element content,were systematically analyzed.Principal component analysis(PCA),partial least squares discriminant analysis(PLS-DA)and variable importance in the projection(VIP)were used to screen out the key characteristic parameters that affect the discrimination of the origin of the Sinonovacula constricta,and a discrimination model for different origins of the Sinonovacula constricta was constructed.Results The quality analysis indicated that there were significant differences in the characteristics of the Sinonovacula constricta from different production areas and farming modes:The amino acid content(49.88 g/100 g)and the proportion of polyunsaturated fatty acids(41.46%)of the Sanmen(pond farming)Sinonovacula constricta were the highest;the content of trace elements in the Ninghai(pond farming)Sinonovacula constricta was relatively high;and the content of multiple nutritional indicators in the Xiangshan(mudflat farming)Sinonovacula constricta was relatively low.PCA,PLS-DA and VIP screened out 19 key characteristic parameters,including 5 kinds of minerals(iron,manganese,copper,calcium and zinc)in the soft tissue of the Sinonovacula constricta,8 kinds of fatty acids(eicosapentaenoic acid,docosahexaenoic acid,etc.),and alanine;and 5 kinds of minerals(sodium,manganese,selenium,magnesium and calcium)in the shell.The constructed PLS-DA model had a good fit.The samples from pond farming and mudflat farming were clearly distinguished in the latent variable space;at the same time,the samples from the 3 adjacent pond farming production areas(Linhai,Sanmen and Ninghai)also showed independent clustering trends,indicating that the model could effectively capture the chemical fingerprint differences shaped by both the origin and the farming mode.Conclusion This study screens out 19 key characteristic parameters for the discrimination of the origin of the Sinonovacula constricta and constructed a discrimination model that can effectively distinguish the Sinonovacula constricta from different origins and farming modes(pond and mudflat)within Zhejiang Province.The model not only overcame the interference caused by the difference in farming modes but also accurately discriminate the Xiangshan(mudflat)production area,and shows good discrimination ability for the 3 adjacent pond farming production areas(Linhai,Sanmen and Ninghai).This provides a reliable technical means for the origin traceability of the Sinonovacula constricta under complex farming backgrounds.
作者
罗振玲
程文聪
吴冰韵
夏慧丽
LUO Zhen-Ling;CHENG Wen-Cong;WU Bing-Yun;XIA Hui-Li(Taizhou Institute for Food and Drug Control,Taizhou Key Laboratory for Safety and Quality Enhancement of Characteristic Agricultural Products,Taizhou 318000,China)
出处
《食品安全质量检测学报》
2026年第4期21-32,共12页
Journal of Food Safety and Quality
基金
浙江省市场监督管理局科技计划项目(ZC2023096)。
关键词
缢蛏
品质差异
产地判别
主成分分析
偏最小二乘判别分析
Sinonovacula constricta
quality variation
origin discrimination
principal component analysis
partial least squares-discriminant analysis
