摘要
纳米地球科学研究的突破性进展得益于现代分析技术的革新,推动地球科学研究逐步实现从宏观到纳米尺度的多圈层协同观测。然而,从复杂地质基质中高效分离纳米微粒存在瓶颈,制约着高精度分析技术的深层次应用,难以满足现有纳米地球科学研究对高精准、多维度表征的需求。场流分离(Field-Flow Fractionation,FFF)是一种基于施加在分离通道上的外力场与通道内层流的共同作用下,依据微粒粒径差异实现分离的技术,理论上可温和、高效地分离粒径范围在1 nm至100μm的微粒。其不仅具备高分辨率分离能力,更能与多种检测器在线联用,在实现样品精准分离的同时,可同步完成粒度分布、化学组成乃至形貌结构等多维参数的实时表征,为解析复杂样品提供了强大的集成分析平台。本文在介绍场流分离技术原理、分类及特点的基础上,举例探讨了其与仪器联用的多维度样品分离表征能力在纳米地球科学领域创新应用,包括复杂基质的高分辨率分离、地球化学元素分异机制纳米尺度解析、环境地质中污染迁移路径分析等,同时,从方法学角度剖析当前技术在实际地质样品分离应用中存在的局限,并对未来地球科学纵深研究中亟待突破的关键技术提出相关建议。
The breakthrough advances in nanogeoscience research have been facilitated by innovations in modern analytical techniques,driving earth science research towards the gradual realization of coordinated multisphere observations spanning from the macroscopic down to the nanoscale.However,the bottleneck in efficiently separating nanoparticles from complex geological matrices constrains the in-depth application of high-precision analytical techniques,making it challenging to meet the current nanogeoscience research demands for highly accurate and multi-dimensional characterization.Field-flow fractionation(FFF)is a separation technique based on the combined action of an externally applied force field perpendicular to the separation channel and the laminar flow within the channel,achieving separation according to differences in particle size.Theoretically,it can gently yet efficiently separate particles ranging in size from 1 nm to 100μm.It not only possesses high-resolution separation capabilities but also enables online coupling with various detectors.While achieving precise sample separation,it simultaneously accomplishes real-time characterization of multi-dimensional parameters such as size distribution,chemical composition,and even morphological structure,thereby providing a powerful integrated analytical platform for deciphering complex samples.Building upon an introduction to the principles,classifications,and characteristics of FFF technology,its innovative applications in nanogeoscience through the multi-dimensional sample separation and characterization capabilities afforded by its hyphenation with instruments is exemplified in this paper.These applications include high-resolution separation of complex matrices,nano-scale analysis of geochemical element fractionation mechanisms,and analysis of contaminant transport pathways in environmental geology.Concurrently,the current limitations of the technology in the practical separation of geological samples from a methodological perspective are analyzed,and key technological directions awaiting breakthroughs are briefly outlined,along with related recommendations for future in-depth research in earth science.
作者
岑浩宇
傅旋霓
王萌
易泽邦
付伟
许成
CEN Haoyu;FU Xuanni;WANG Meng;YI Zebang;FU Wei;XU Cheng(College of Earth Sciences,Guilin University of Technology,Guilin 541004,China;Provincial-Ministerial Co-Construction Collaborative Innovation Center for Nonferrous Metal Mineral Exploration and Efficient Resource Utilization,Guilin University of Technology,Guilin 541004,China)
出处
《岩矿测试》
北大核心
2026年第2期282-302,共21页
Rock and Mineral Analysis
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(42003066,42573064)。
关键词
场流分离
纳米地球科学
纳米微粒
仪器联用
分离-表征技术
field-flow fractionation
nanogeoscience
nanoparticles
hyphenated techniques
separationcharacterization techniques
