摘要
为掌握赣江支流锦江鱼类群落结构特征及多样性水平,分别于2023年6—7月(夏季)、10月(秋季)对锦江上中下游共12个采样点进行鱼类资源调查,调查渔具以三层复合刺网和地笼为主。调查结果显示,共采集鱼类59种,隶属于7目10科46属,主要以鲤科鱼类为主,其数量占比90.68%,质量占比94.44%;优势种为圆吻鲴、大眼华鳊、鲤、鲫等中小型鱼类。锦江鱼类群落结构及生物多样性呈现出明显的时空变化,夏季鱼类物种数、尾数和多样性指数均高于秋季;锦江中下游鱼类种类、尾数和多样性指数均高于上游。分析结果表明:赣江支流锦江鱼类资源丰富,生物多样性较高,但呈现出小型化特征;近十年间锦江鱼类资源结构有较大变动,原因可能是人为活动的影响;水温和生境特征是影响锦江鱼类生物多样性时空差异的主要因素。
In order to study the characteristics and diversity level of the fish community in the Jinjiang River,a tributary of the Ganjiang River,12 sites from the upper,middle and lower reaches of the Jinjiang River were sampled from June to October in 2023,The main fishing gear in the survey was gill nets and fish cage.A total of 59 fish species were collected,belonging to 46 genera,10 families and 7 orders were recorded.The results showed that Cypriniformes Cyprinidae were the major fish species,the number ratio reached 90.68%,the weight ratio reached 94.44%.The dominant species were small and medium-sized fish such as Distoechodon tumirostris,Sinibrama macrops,Cyprinus carpio and Carassius auratus.The diversity of fish species exists an obvious variation in time and space,the species numbers,quantity andαdiversity index were higher in the summer than that in autumn,and the species numbers,quantity andαdiversity index were also higher in the middle and lower reaches of the Jinjiang River than that in the Upstream.The analysis shows that water temperature and habitat characteristics are the main factors that influence fish diversity in the Jinjiang River,a tributary of the Ganjiang River.The fish species composition in Jinjiang River has changed greatly in recent ten years,which may be due to the artificial activity.Fish resources are abundant in the Jinjiang River,the community diversity is high,but the fish became smaller.
作者
胡平各
杨细兰
袁建国
冷江河
王帆
王生
HU Pingge;YANG Xilan;YUAN Jianguo;LENG Jianghe;WANG Fan;WANG Sheng(Yichun Academy of Sciences,Yichun 336000,China;Jiangxi Aquatic Animal Protection and Rescue Center,Nanchang 330096,China)
出处
《水产学杂志》
2026年第1期46-53,共8页
Chinese Journal of Fisheries
基金
江西省水生生物资源调查监测体系(JXSS[2023]8).
关键词
鱼类资源
锦江
群落结构
多样性指数
时空差异
fish resources
Jinjiang River
community structure
diversity index
temporal and spatial variation
