摘要
目的分析湖北省武汉市8~10岁儿童碘营养状况,为采取针对性的防治措施提供理论依据。方法2021—2024年,采用分层随机抽样方法,每年将武汉市的行政区,按照东、西、南、北、中划分为5个片区,每个片区抽取1个乡镇,每个乡镇各抽取1所小学,每所小学抽取8~10岁非寄宿学生40名为监测对象,采集学生家庭食用盐盐样和随机1次尿样检测碘含量,采用B超法检测学生甲状腺容积并计算甲状腺肿大率。结果2021—2024年共采集食用盐盐样10400份,碘盐覆盖率、碘盐合格率和合格碘盐食用率别为99.0%、95.9%、95.0%,三项指标在不同年份和地区间差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。盐碘中位数为23.47 mg/kg。共采集尿样10400份,尿碘中位数为217.90μg/L,尿碘水平在不同年份、性别及地区间的差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。共检测儿童甲状腺3600例,甲状腺肿大率为2.0%,各年份均低于5%。结论2021—2024年武汉市8~10岁儿童碘缺乏病主要消除指标持续达标,但存在碘摄入过量风除。建议持续实施食盐加碘政策,并开展分区分类健康教育与监测,重点关注尿碘偏高趋势,巩固防治成效。
Objective To analyze the iodine nutrition status of children aged 8 to 10 years in Wuhan City,Hubei Province,and to provide a theoretical basis for targeted prevention and treatment measures.Methods From 2021 to 2024,a stratified random sampling method was used annually.Each year,the 13 administrative districts of Wuhan were divided into five sections(east,west,south,north,and centre).One township was selected from each area,one primary school was selected from each township,and 40 non-resident students aged 8 to 10 years were selected from each school.Household edible salt samples and random urine samples were collected to detect iodine content.Thyroid volume was measured using B-mode ultrasound,and the goiter rate was calculated.Results A total of 10400 household salt samples were collected.The coverage rate of iodized salt,the qualification rate of iodized salt,and the consumption rate of qualified iodized salt were 99.0%,95.9%,and 95.0%respectively.Statistically significant differences were observed in all three indicators across different years(all P<0.05).The median salt iodine concentration was 23.47 mg/kg.A total of 10400 urine samples were collected,with a median urinary iodine concentration of 217.90μg/L.Statistically significant differences in urinary iodine levels were observed across different years,genders,and regions(all P<0.05).Thyroid examinations were performed on 3600 children,with a goiter rate of 2.0%,which remained below 5%across all years.Conclusion From 2021 to 2024,the children aged 8-10 years in Wuhan City consistently met the required standards,though there is a risk of excessive iodine intake.It is recommended to continue the policy of salt iodization,implement targeted and region-specific health education and monitoring,with particular attention to the trend of elevated urinary iodine levels,so as to consolidate the achievements in prevention and control.
作者
熊月琳
陈芳
罗华堂
刘聪
杨燕
XIONG Yuelin;CHEN Fang;LUO Huatang;LIU Cong;YANG Yan(Department of Schistosomiasis and Endemie Disease Control,Wuhan Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Wuhan,Hubei 430015,China)
出处
《中国地方病防治》
2026年第1期40-43,共4页
Chinese Journal of Control of Endemic Diseases
关键词
碘缺乏病
尿碘
盐碘
甲状腺
学龄儿童
监测
Iodine deficiency disorders
Urinary iodine
Salt iodine
Thyroid
School-aged children
Monitoring
