摘要
习近平总书记明确指出,新质生产力以全要素生产率(TFP)的大幅提升为核心标志,同时强调高质量发展是中国式现代化的本质要求。以中国式现代化理论为框架,系统分析TFP在经济增长中的核心地位,并梳理当前中国TFP存在的四大突出问题:一是整体水平偏低,对经济增长的贡献率不足;二是区域与所有制差异显著,东部地区TFP增速高于西部地区,民营企业效率优于国企;三是资源配置扭曲,金融资本错配与低质量劳动力累积阻碍效率提升;四是技术转化不足,“琼斯批评”现象凸显,研发投入与TFP增长脱节。以“扬正抑负”为核心思路,提出五大针对性的提升路径:发挥超大规模市场优势以释放规模效应,深化市场化改革以兼顾公平与效率,强化人力资本投资以优化劳动力结构,推进产业生态化与生态产业化以发展绿色TFP,扩大高水平开放以优化双循环格局。为中国式现代化进程中TFP的提升提供理论参考,强调通过制度、效率与技术变革的协同作用推动高质量发展。
General Secretary Xi Jinping clearly pointed out that new-quality productivity is marked by a significant increase in total factor productivity(TFP),while emphasizing that high-quality development is the essential requirement of Chinese-style modernization.This paper,based on the framework of Chinese-style modernization theory,systematically analyzes the core role of TFP in economic growth and identifies four major outstanding issues in China’s current TFP:first,the overall level is relatively low,with insufficient contribution to economic growth;second,there are significant regional and ownership differences,with the TFP growth rate in eastern regions higher than that in western regions,and private enterprises being more efficient than state-owned enterprises;third,resource allocation is distorted,with financial capital misallocation and the accumulation of low-quality labor hindering efficiency improvement;fourth,technology transfer is insufficient,with the“Jones critique”phenomenon becoming prominent,and R&D investment being out of sync with TFP growth.With the core idea of“promoting the positive and restraining the negative,”the paper proposes five targeted improvement paths:leveraging the advantages of a super-large-scale market to unleash scale effects,deepening market-oriented reforms to balance fairness and efficiency,strengthening human capital investment to optimize labor structure,promoting industrial ecologization and ecological industrialization to develop green TFP,and expanding high-level opening-up to optimize the dual-circulation pattern.This provides theoretical references for enhancing TFP in the process of Chinese-style modernization,emphasizing the promotion of high-quality development through the synergistic effects of institutional,efficiency,and technological reforms.
作者
王丽纳
WANG Li-na(Chengdu-Chongqing Twin Cities Economic Circle Construction Research Institute,Chongqing Technology and Business University)
出处
《当代金融研究》
2026年第1期78-87,共10页
Journal of Contemporary Financial Research
基金
2023年重庆市教育委员会人文社会科学研究项目“全要素生产率目标下数字经济促进重庆市工业企业转型的机制与路径研究”项目(23SKJD101)。
关键词
全要素生产率
中国式现代化
高质量发展
Total Factor Productivity
Chinese Modernization
High-quality Development
