摘要
为给普洱观赏向日葵的理论研究及生产应用提供品种及材料基础,以市售的16个观赏向日葵品种于云南农业大学普洱校区进行冬季、春季、夏季三季田间引种试验,观测、记录和分析其7个物候特征和18个表型性状,比较分析引进品种在普洱校区的花色、花型、生育期及主要生物学性状表现。结果表明:各季各观赏向日葵品种间物候特征有差异性,表型变异较为丰富,冬播8个品种聚类为三大组群,末花期变幅为82~176 d,变异系数为24%;群体花期变幅为10~40 d,变异系数为47%;春播8个品种聚类为四大组群,末花期变幅为81~122 d,变异系数为13%;群体花期变幅为15~35 d,变异系数为30%;夏播5个品种聚类为三大组群,末花期变幅为72~96 d,变异系数为11%;群体花期变幅为15~23 d,变异系数为19%。冬播‘油葵皇后’‘白月光’‘暗影’‘云之恋’适宜盆栽、花坛及庭院种植,‘云之恋’‘宝石红芳’‘精灵’适宜观光园区切花种植,‘巧克力红色’‘白月光’‘暗影’适宜旅游景点种植;春播‘梵高’‘月食’‘柠檬泡泡’‘羽饰’适宜盆栽,‘红宝石’‘小丑’适宜观光园区、旅游景点种植,‘梵高’‘小丑’适宜切花种植;夏播‘文森特’适宜切花种植,‘欢乐炮竹’‘白月光’适宜盆栽。
To provide cultivars and material basis for theoretical research and production application of ornamental sunflowers in Pu'er,16 cultivars of ornamental sunflowers were introduced in winter,spring and summer in Pu'er campus of Yunnan Agricultural University,and their 7 phenological characteristics and 18 phenotypic traits were observed,recorded and analyzed,and their flower colors,flower shapes,growth periods and main biological characters were compared and analyzed.The results showed that there were differences in phenological characteristics among ornamental sunflower varieties in each season,and the phenotypic variation was rich.Eight cultivars sown in winter were clustered into three groups,with a variation of 82 to 176 days at the end of flowering and a coefficient of variation of 24%.The population flowering period varied from 10 to 40 days,and the coefficient of variation was 47%.Eight cultivars sown in spring were clustered into four groups,with a variation of 81 to 122 days at the end of flowering and a coefficient of variation of 13%.The population flowering period varied from 15 to 35 days,and the coefficient of variation was 30%.The five cultivars sown in summer were clustered into three groups,with a variation of 72 to 96 days at the end of flowering and a coefficient of variation of 11%.The population flowering period varied from 15 to 23 days,and the coefficient of variation was 19%.'Oil Sunflower Queen','White Moonlight','Shadow'and'Cloud Love'were fit cultivars for potted,flower bed and courtyard planting in winter.'Cloud Love','Ruby Red Gem'and'Elf'were suitable for cut flower planting in sightseeing parks.'Chocolate Red','White Moonlight'and'Shadow'were suitable for planting in tourist attractions.For spring sowing,'Van Gogh','Lunar Eclipse','Lemon Bubble'and'Feathered'were suitable for potted planting.'Ruby'and'Clown'were suitable for planting in sightseeing parks and tourist attractions.'Van Gogh'and'Clown'were suitable for cut flower planting.For summer sowing,'Vincent'was suitable for cut flower planting and'Happy Firecracker'and'White Moonlight'were suitable for potted planting.
作者
杨明艳
吴占仟
陈姝宇
杨瑾
YANG Mingyan;WU Zhanqian;CHEN Shuyu;YANG Jin(College of Tropical Crops,Yunnan Agricultural University,Pu'er 665099,Yunnan;Qingdao Agricultural University,Qingdao 266109,Shandong;Henan Institute of Science and Technology,Xinxiang 453003,Henan)
出处
《中国热带农业》
2026年第1期55-69,共15页
China Tropical Agriculture
基金
云南农业大学热带作物学院自科项目基金(2022RYYB002)。
关键词
观赏向日葵
物候特征
表型性状
聚类分析
普洱
ornamental sunflower
phenological characteristics
phenotypic traits
cluster analysis
Pu'er
