摘要
研究设施内3个甜樱桃品种的光合特性差异及净光合速率的主要影响因素,进而对其叶片的光合最佳环境条件及其光合作用效能展开综合评估,为设施内甜樱桃栽培管理提供参考依据。以设施内5年生甜樱桃布鲁克斯、美早、鲁樱5号作为试验材料,测定温度、光、CO_(2)响应曲线以及光合生理指标和叶绿素含量,并对数据进行分析。结果表明,在不同温度条件下,3个甜樱桃品种的净光合速率在15~25℃时随温度升高而增加,于25℃时达到峰值,在25~30℃时迅速下降,超过30℃后下降趋势趋缓。由叶子飘光合计算软件拟合得出,3个甜樱桃品种的最适温度均处于20~25℃。3个甜樱桃品种的净光合速率与光照强度呈正相关关系。随着光照强度逐步增强,净光合速率呈上升趋势,直至光照强度达到1000μmol·m^(-2)·s^(-1),净光合速率的增长趋势平缓。其中,鲁樱5号的光补偿点最高,布鲁克斯居中,美早最低。在试验CO_(2)浓度范围内,随着CO_(2)浓度升高,布鲁克斯和鲁樱5号的净光合速率持续上升,而美早在CO_(2)浓度为600μmol/mol时达到峰值。综合温度、光、CO_(2)响应曲线可知,温度20~25℃、光照强度1000μmol·m^(-2)·s^(-1)可能是设施栽培布鲁克斯、美早、鲁樱5号3个甜樱桃品种的最佳温度与光照强度。布鲁克斯、鲁樱5号适宜CO_(2)浓度为600~1000μmol/mol,浓度升高可使光合效率持续提升,美早适宜的CO_(2)浓度为400~600μmol/mol。在一定环境条件下,布鲁克斯的净光合速率最高,且其叶绿素a、叶绿素b、总叶绿素含量均高于美早、鲁樱5号,光合能力最强,美早次之,鲁樱5号光合能力最差;鲁樱5号的叶绿素a/b值最高,可能具有最佳的环境适应性。
To study the differences in photosynthetic characteristics and the main influencing factors of net photosynthetic rate among 3 sweet cherry varieties in the research facility,and then comprehensively evaluate the optimal environmental conditions for leaf photosynthesis and its photosynthetic efficiency,providing a reference basis for the cultivation management of sweet cherries in the facility.Five-year-old sweet cherries‘Brooks',‘Meizao',and‘Luying 5'in the facility were used as experimental materials to measure the temperature,light,CO_(2)response curves,photosynthetic physiological indexes,and chlorophyll content,and analyze the data.The results showed that under different temperature conditions,the net photosynthetic rate of the 3 sweet cherry varieties increased with the increase of temperature from 15℃to 25℃,reached the peak at 25 C,decreased rapidly from 25℃to 30℃,and the decreasing trend slowed down after exceeding 30℃.Fitted by the Ye Zipiao photosynthesis calculation software,the optimal temperature of the 3 sweet cherry varieties was between 20℃and 25℃.The net photosynthetic rate of the 3 sweet cherry varieties was positively correlated with the light intensity.As the light intensity gradually increased,the net photosynthetic rate showed an upward trend until the light intensity reached 1,000µmol·m^(-2)·s^(-1),and the growth trend of the net photosynthetic rate was significantly flattened.Among them,‘Luying 5'had the highest light compensation point,‘Brooks'was in the middle,and‘Meizao'was the lowest.Within the experimental CO_(2)concentration range,as the CO_(2)concentration increased,the net photosynthetic rate of‘Brooks'and‘Luying 5'continued to increase,while‘Meizao'reached the peak at a CO_(2)concentration of 600µmol/mol.Based on the comprehensive temperature,light,and CO_(2)response curves,the temperature of 20-25℃and the light intensity of 1,000µmol·m^(-2)·s^(−1)might be the optimal temperature and light intensity for cultivating the 3 sweet cherry varieties of‘Brooks',‘Meizao',and‘Luying 5'in the facility.The suitable CO_(2)concentration for‘Brooks'and‘Luying 5'was 600-1,000µmol/mol,and the increase in concentration could continuously improve the photosynthetic efficiency.The suitable CO_(2)concentration for‘Meizao'was 400-600µmol/mol.Under certain environmental conditions,‘Brooks'had the highest net photosynthetic rate,and its chlorophyll a,chlorophyll b,and total chlorophyll contents were higher than those of‘Meizao'and‘Luying 5',with the strongest photosynthetic ability followed by‘Meizao',and‘Luying 5'had the weakest photosynthetic ability;‘Luying 5'had the highest chlorophyl a/b value and might have the best environmental adaptability.
作者
周曦
王亦菲
张思彤
马云飞
李建伟
梁树乐
Zhou Xi;Wang Yifei;Zhang Sitong;Ma Yunfei;Li Jianwei;Liang Shule(Yantai Institute of China Agricultural University,Shandong 264670;Beijing Pugu Agricultural Technology Service Co.,Ltd.)
出处
《中国果树》
2026年第2期66-71,共6页
China Fruits
基金
山东省自然科学基金项目(ZR2020MC084)
中国农业大学烟台研究院横向科研项目“设施甜樱桃矮化密植限根栽培技术研究”(H202204)
中国农业大学烟台研究院横向科研项目“威海市羊亭镇大樱桃产业提升工程”(H202508)。
