摘要
“格物致知”在宋代时受到了极大的关注。程颐对《大学》中的格物致知说进行了理学式的改造,提出“格物穷理”,将“格物致知”由一个知识论的概念提升为心性修养工夫。朱熹在张载、二程的闻见之知与德性之知的知识论基础上,提出了“真知”说。又受周敦颐、李侗等人思想的影响,合会了“太极”与“穷尽”等概念,并吸纳了佛家的“月印万川”思想,进一步发展了“理一分殊”学说。朱熹在程颐“格物穷理”的基础上提出“即物穷理”,并沿用了李延平之说,主张“穷尽事物之理”。由此,朱熹继承并发展了程颐的“格物致知”的思想,形成了自己的理学特色,也推进了“格物致知”说的理学演化。
The concept of“Geuu Zhizhi”garered significant attention during the Song Dynasty.Cheng Yi reinterpreted the theory of“Gewu Zhizhi”from the Great Learning within the framework of NeoConfucianism,proposing the idea of“Gewu Qiongli”(investigating things to exhaust principles),thereby elevating“Gewu Zhizhi”from a purely epistemological concept to a practice of moral and spiritual cultivation.Building upon the epistemological foundations of Zhang Zai's and the Cheng brothers’theories of empirical knowledge and moral knowledge,Zhu Xi introduced the idea of“True Knowledge”.Influenced by the ideas of Zhou Dunyi,Li Tong and others,he integrated notions such as“Tai Chi”and“Qiong jin”,while also incorporating Buddhist concepts such as“the moon reflected in myriad rivers”,further developing the doctrine of“li yi fen shu”(one principle,many manifestations).On the basis of Cheng Yi's“Geuu Qiongli”,Zhu Xi proposed“ji wu qiong li”(exhausting principles through things)and adopted Li Yanping's view,advocating the“exhaustion of the inherent principles of all things”.In this way,Zhu Xi inherited and developed Cheng Yi's thought on“Gewu Zhizhi”,forming his own distinct characteristics within Neo-Confucianism and advancing the philosophical evolution of the“Gewu Zhizhi”theory.
出处
《福建史志》
2026年第1期80-90,92,共12页
关键词
格物致知
穷理
程颐
朱熹
Geuu Zhizhi(investigation of things and extension of knowledge)
Qiongli(exhausting principles)
Cheng Yi
Zhu Xi
