摘要
【目的】解析丘陵地区新型农业经营主体的耕地规模流转特征,并探究新型经营主体培育对流转规模的影响,为实现丘陵山区农业适度规模经营提供理论支撑与实践依据。【方法】以重庆市圣水湖现代农业示范园区和江津现代农业园区为研究区,基于343户新型农业经营主体的调查数据,运用面积加权平均法、区位指数和核密度分析等方法识别其耕地规模流转特征,并通过Tobit模型探究其流转规模的影响因素。【结果】①研究区新型农业经营主体的规模流转趋势明显,2005—2020年共流转耕地6067.54 hm^(2),涉及3840块地块,中等规模和超大规模主体占多数;水果类主体流转规模最大、地块数最多,占比分别为32.03%、33.80%。②优质耕地早期流转趋势明显。2005—2020年,新型农业经营主体的耕地流转质量平均等别呈下降趋势,流转耕地质量等级以6~8等别为主,9~10等别流转较少。③不同规模经营主体的高密度聚集区分布在何埂镇、慈云镇和石门镇等地;不同产业类型主体的高密度聚集区分布在白沙镇、石门镇和慈云镇等地,且均与地块坡度表现出一定的空间关联性。④农业收入和耕地细碎化程度对新型农业经营主体流转规模的促进作用最为显著,估计系数β分别为1.578、1.229;农资成本对流转规模的扩大具有制约作用,相关系数为-0.053。【结论】新型农业经营主体的耕地流转规模化显著,其中优质耕地先流转,高密度聚集区主要分布在地势平坦地区。耕地禀赋与成本收益是驱动新型农业经营主体在相对平坦区集聚并进行规模化流转耕地的关键因素。
[Objective]Analyzing the characteristics of the large-scale transfer of cultivated land by new agricultural business entities in hilly and mountainous areas,and exploring the impact of cultivating new agricultural business entities on transfer scale can provide theoretical support and practical basis for achieving moderate-scale agricultural operations in hilly and mountainous areas.[Method]Taking the Shengshui Lake Modern Agricultural Demonstration Park and Jiangjin Modern Agricultural Park in Chongqing as the research ares,based on survey data of 343 new agricultural business entities,the area weighted average method,location index,and kernel density analysis was used to identify the characteristics of cultivated land scale transfer,and the Tobit model was used to explore the influencing factors of their transfer scale.[Result](i)The trend of scale transfer of new agricultural business entities in the research area was obvious.From 2005 to 2020,a total of 6067.54 hectares of cultivated lands were transferred,involving 3840 plots of land,with the majority being medium and ultra large scale entities;The fruit category had the largest circulation scale and the largest number of land parcels,accounting for 32.03%and 33.80%respectively.(ii)In the early stage,the trend of high-quality cultivated land transfer was conspicuous.The average quality grade of cultivated land by business entities presented a downward tendency.Mainly cultivated land of quality grades 6-8 was transferred,while relatively less cultivated land of grads 910 was transferred.(ii)High-density aggregation areas of business entities of different scales were distributed in locations such as Hegeng,Ciyun and Shimen town.High-density aggregation areas of entities of diverse industrial types were distributed in areas including Baisha,Shimen and Ciyun town.Moreover,both exhibited a certain spatial correlation with the slope of the land parcels.(iv)The promotion effect of agricultural income and the degree of fragmentation of cultivated land on the scale of transfer of new agricultural business entities was most significant,with estimated coefficientsβof 1.578 and 1.229,respectively;The growth of the land transfer scale faced constraints due to the cost of agricultural materials,with a correlation coefficient of-0.052.[Conclusion]The scale of cultivated land transfer by new agricultural business entities is significant,with high-quality cultivated land being transferred first,and high-density clusters mainly distributed in flat terrain areas;The endowment of cultivated land and cost-benefit considerations are key factors driving the clustering and large-scale transfer of cultivated land by new agricultural business entities in relatively flat areas.
作者
刘洋
张仕超
李丹妮
张湘
唐俊霞
LIU Yang;ZHANG Shi-chao;LI Dan-ni;ZHANG Xiang;TANG Jun-xia(Chongqing Key Laboratory of Surface Process and Ecological Restoration in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area,Chongqing Normal University,Chongqing 401331,China;Surface Ecological Process Field Observation and Research Station,Chongqing Three Gorges Reservoir Area,Chongqing 401331,China)
出处
《西南农业学报》
北大核心
2026年第1期159-172,共14页
Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences
基金
国家自然科学基金面上项目(41971244)
教育部人文社会科学研究西部和边疆地区项目(24XJCZH022)
重庆市自然科学基金面上项目(cstc2021jcyj-msxmX0696)。
关键词
耕地流转
新型农业经营主体
丘陵山区
TOBIT模型
Cultivated land transfer
New agricultural business entities
Hilly and mountainous areas
Tobit model
