摘要
【目的】分析茶园间作野生花生对茶树生长、生化品质及土壤肥力的影响,为茶园间作野生花生模式的应用提供理论依据。【方法】设茶树单作、茶树间作野生花生和茶树行间覆膜3个处理,进行田间试验。测定茶树农艺性状、茶叶生化品质及土壤理化性质,对土壤理化性质与茶叶生化品质进行冗余分析(RDA)和Pearson相关性分析。【结果】夏秋季间作处理的茶树一芽三叶长、芽头密度和百芽重均高于单作和覆膜处理。夏季间作处理的茶叶茶多酚含量较单作处理显著提高(P<0.05,下同),秋季间作处理的茶叶茶多酚及水浸出物含量较覆膜处理显著提高,夏秋季间作处理的茶叶咖啡碱含量较单作和覆膜处理显著降低。夏季间作处理的土壤碱解氮及速效钾含量显著高于单作和覆膜处理,土壤pH显著高于单作处理;秋季间作处理的土壤总氮含量与单作和覆膜处理相比显著提高。RDA分析结果表明,土壤有机质、速效钾和碱解氮为夏季显著影响茶叶生化品质的指标,土壤有机质和有效磷为秋季显著影响茶叶生化品质的指标。进一步的相关性分析结果表明,夏季碱解氮和速效钾与茶多酚呈显著正相关,与咖啡碱呈极显著负相关(P<0.01,下同);秋季茶多酚与有效磷呈显著正相关,可溶性糖和水浸出物均与有效磷呈极显著正相关,说明土壤碱解氮、有效磷和速效钾对茶叶生化品质的作用较大。【结论】茶园间作野生花生能有效促进茶树生长发育、改良土壤肥力,进而改善茶叶品质。因此,野生花生可作为间作作物应用于茶园。
[Objective]The study aimed to analyze the effects of intercropping tea gardens with wild peanuts on tea plant growth,biochemical quality and soil fertility,so as to provide a theoretical basis for the application of this intercropping model.[Method]A field experiment was conducted with three treatments:tea monoculture,tea intercropped with wild peanuts and plastic film mulching between tea rows.Agronomic traits of tea plants,tea biochemical quality,and soil physicochemical properties were measured.Redundancy analysis(RDA)and Pearson correlation analysis were performed to explore the relationship between soil physicochemical properties and tea biochemical quality.[Result]In summer and autumn,the one-bud-three-leave length,bud density and hundred-bud weight of the intercropping treatment were higher than those of the monoculture and film mulching treatments.In summer,the tea polyphenol content of the intercropping treatment was significantly higher than that of the monoculture treatment(P<0.05,the same as below).In autumn,the tea polyphenol and water extract contents of the intercropping treatment were significantly higher than those of the film mulching treatment.The caffeine content in the intercropping treatment was significantly lower than that in the monoculture and film mulching treatments in both seasons.In summer,the soil alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen and available potassium contents in the intercropping treatment were significantly higher than those in the monoculture and film mulching treatments,while the soil pH was significantly higher than that in the monoculture treatment.In autumn,the soil total nitrogen content in the intercropping treatment increased significantly compared with the monoculture and film mulching treatments.RDA results indicated that soil organic matter,available potassium and alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen were the key factors significantly affecting tea biochemical quality in summer,while soil organic matter and available phosphorus were the key factors in autumn.Further correlation analysis showed that in summer,alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen and available potassium were significantly positively correlated with tea polyphenols and extremely significantly negatively correlated with caffeine(P<0.01,the same as below).In autumn,tea polyphenols showed a significant positive correlation with available phosphorus,while soluble sugars and water extract were extremely significantly positively correlated with available phosphorus.These results indicated that soil alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen,available phosphorus and available potassium played important roles in the variations of tea biochemical quality.[Conclusion]Intercropping with wild peanut in tea gardens effectively promotes tea plant growth,improves soil fertility,and thereby enhances tea quality.Therefore,wild peanut can be recommended as an intercrop for use in tea gardens.
作者
巫虹颖
黄静
吴玲玲
梁贤智
王明释
陈远权
WU Hong-ying;HUANG Jing;WU Ling-ling;LIANG Xian-zhi;WANG Ming-shi;CHEN Yuan-quan(Guangxi South Subtropical Agricultural Sciences Research Institute,Chongzuo,Guangxi 532415,China)
出处
《西南农业学报》
北大核心
2026年第1期21-28,共8页
Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences
基金
广西重点研发计划项目(桂科AB23026086)
广西农业科学院基本科研业务专项(桂农科2021YT164)
广西南亚热带农业科学研究所自筹项目(NYS2025ZC09、NYS2025ZC10)。
关键词
茶树
野生花生
间作
土壤肥力
茶叶品质
Camellia sinensis
Arachis glabrata
Intercropping
Soil fertility
Tea quality
