摘要
本试验旨在研究蒲公英黄酮与裸藻粉对胡须鸡的生长性能、抗氧化能力和肠道健康的影响。试验选取960只1日龄胡须鸡公鸡,随机分为4组,每组6个重复,每个重复40只鸡。对照组(CON组)饲喂基础饲粮,各试验组分别在基础饲粮中添加20 mg/kg恩拉霉素(抗生素组,AB组)、400 mg/kg蒲公英黄酮(蒲公英黄酮组,FN组)以及200 mg/kg蒲公英黄酮和200 mg/kg裸藻粉(蒲公英黄酮+裸藻粉组,FNEP组),试验期为28 d。结果表明:1)与CON组相比,各组料重比显著降低(P<0.05),FNEP组末重(FW)和平均日增重(ADG)显著增加(P<0.05)。2)与CON组相比,FN组脾脏指数显著提高(P<0.05),FNEP组脾脏指数和肝脏指数显著增加(P<0.05)。3)与CON组相比,各试验组血浆免疫球蛋白G(IgG)含量显著增加(P<0.05)。4)与CON组相比,各试验组血浆中谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活性、肝脏总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)与总超氧化物歧化酶(T-SOD)活性均显著提高(P<0.05),且空肠中丙二醛(MDA)含量显著降低(P<0.05);与AB组相比,FN组与FNEP组血浆T-AOC显著提高(P<0.05),FNEP组血浆和肝脏GSH-Px、T-SOD活性以及空肠T-AOC、T-SOD活性也显著提高(P<0.05)。5)与CON组相比,AB组肠道微生物α-多样性(Ace、Chao、Shannon、Sobs和Pd指数)显著降低(P<0.05);与AB组相比,FN组微生物α-多样性(Ace、Chao、Shannon和Sobs指数)和FNEP组微生物α-多样性(Shannon和Sobs指数)均显著升高(P<0.05)。6)与AB组相比,其他各组厚壁菌门相对丰度显著提高(P<0.05),大肠埃希菌-志贺菌属的相对丰度显著降低(P<0.05)。以上结果表明,饲粮中添加400 mg/kg蒲公英黄酮或200 mg/kg蒲公英黄酮与200 mg/kg裸藻粉的联合应用可以提高抗氧化水平,增加肠道微生物多样性,降低有害微生物丰度,改善肠道健康,从而能够提升胡须鸡生长性能,表现出良好的抗生素替代效果。在本试验中,蒲公英黄酮和裸藻粉联合应用添加表现出更优效果。
This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of dandelion flavonoids and Euglena powder on the growth performance,antioxidant capacity,and intestinal microbiota structure of Huxu chickens.A total of 960 one-day-old male Huxu chickens were randomly allocated into 4 groups,with 6 replicates per group,and 40 birds per replicate.Birds in the control group(CON group)were fed a basal diet,while the others were fed basal diets supplemented with 20 mg/kg enramycin(antibiotic group,AB group),400 mg/kg dandelion flavonoids(dandelion flavonoids group,FN group),and 200 mg/kg dandelion flavonoids plus 200 mg/kg Euglena powder(dandelion flavonoids and Euglena powder group,FNEP group),respectively.The experiment lasted for 28 days.The results showed as follows:1)compared with the CON group,the feed to gain ratio(F/G)in each group was significantly decreased(P<0.05),and the final weight(FW)and average daily gain(ADG)in the FNEP group were significantly increased(P<0.05).2)Compared with the CON group,the spleen index in the FN group was significantly increased(P<0.05),and the spleen index and liver index in the FNEP group were significantly increased(P<0.05).3)Compared with the CON group,the plasma immunoglobulin G(IgG)content in each experimental group was significantly increased(P<0.05).4)Compared with the CON group,the plasma glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px)activity,liver total antioxidant capacity(T-AOC),and total superoxide dismutase(T-SOD)activity in each experimental group were all significantly increased(P<0.05),while the malondialdehyde(MDA)content in the jejunum was significantly decreased(P<0.05);compared with the AB group,the plasma T-AOC in the FN group and FNEP group was significantly increased(P<0.05),and the GSH-Px and T-SOD activities in plasma and liver,as well as the T-AOC and T-SOD activities in the jejunum of the FNEP group,were also significantly increased(P<0.05).5)Compared with the CON group,the intestinal microbialα-diversity(Ace,Chao,Shannon,Sobs and Pd indexes)in the AB group was significantly decreased(P<0.05);compared with the AB group,the microbialα-diversity(Ace,Chao,Shannon and Sobs indexes)in the FN group and the microbialα-diversity(Shannon and Sobs indexes)in the FNEP group were significantly increased(P<0.05).6)Compared with the AB group,the relative abundance of Firmicutes in the other groups was significantly increased(P<0.05),while the relative abundance of Escherichia-Shigella was significantly decreased(P<0.05).In conclusion,the supplementation with dandelion flavonoids or a mixture of dandelion flavonoids and Euglena powder in the diet can improve the antioxidant capacity,increased theα-diversity of intestinal microbiota,reduce the abundance of harmful bacteria,and improve intestinal health,thereby enhancing the growth performance of Huxu chickens and showing beneficial effects as an alternative to antibiotics.In this experiment,the combination of dandelion flavonoids and Euglena powder showed better effects.
作者
张涵旭
叶金玲
黄运茂
丁发源
林厦菁
范秋丽
王一冰
蒋守群
ZHANG Hanxu;YE Jinling;HUANG Yunmao;DING Fayuan;LIN Xiajing;FAN Qiuli;WANG Yibing;JIANG Shouqun(College of Animal Science&Technology,Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering,Guangzhou 510225,China;Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition,Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry,Institute of Animal Science,Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Guangzhou 510640,China)
出处
《动物营养学报》
北大核心
2026年第2期1103-1116,共14页
CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION
基金
财政部和农业农村部-国家现代农业产业技术体系(CARS-41)
广东省自然科学基金项目(2021A1515010830)
广州市基础研究计划基础与应用基础项目(2023A04J0794)
广东省农业科学院人才培养专项(R2023PY-QY012,R2021YJ-YB3012)
广东省农业科学院科技计划项目(202106TD)。
关键词
胡须鸡
蒲公英黄酮
裸藻粉
生长性能
肠道微生物
Huxu chickens
dandelion flavonoids
Euglena powder
growth performance
gut microbiota
