摘要
本试验旨在研究饲粮添加壳寡糖(COS)对循环热应激肉鸡胸肌肉品质、宰后肌肉能量代谢、抗氧化能力及脂肪酸组成的影响。选取192只28日龄、体重相近的雄性爱拔益加(AA)肉鸡,随机分为4组,每组6个重复,每个重复8只鸡。对照组(CON组)饲喂基础饲粮,热应激处理组分别饲喂在基础饲粮的基础上添加0(HS组)、200(HSC 200组)和400 mg/kg(HSC 400组)COS的饲粮。CON组鸡舍温度为(24±1)℃;热应激处理组鸡舍温度在10:00—18:00为(34±1)℃,其余时间为(24±1)℃,相对湿度均为65%~75%。试验期14 d。结果表明:1)与CON组相比,HS组屠宰率和半净膛率显著降低(P<0.05);与HS组相比,HSC 400组半净膛率和腹脂率显著降低(P<0.05)。2)与CON组相比,HS组胸肌宰后45 min和24 h的pH以及粗蛋白质含量显著降低(P<0.05),胸肌滴水损失和水分含量显著提高(P<0.05);与HS组相比,HSC 200组和HSC 400组胸肌宰后45 min和24 h的pH显著提高(P<0.05),HSC 200组胸肌粗脂肪含量显著提高(P<0.05)。3)与CON组相比,HS组胸肌糖原和葡萄糖(GLU)含量显著降低(P<0.05),胸肌乳酸含量和己糖激酶(HK)活性显著提高(P<0.05);与HS组相比,HSC 200组和HSC 400组胸肌糖原和GLU含量显著提高(P<0.05),胸肌乳酸含量和HK活性显著降低(P<0.05)。4)与CON组相比,HS组胸肌丙二醛(MDA)含量显著提高(P<0.05),胸肌过氧化氢酶(CAT)、总超氧化物歧化酶(T-SOD)和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活性显著降低(P<0.05);与HS组相比,HSC 200组和HSC 400组胸肌MDA含量显著降低(P<0.05),胸肌CAT、T-SOD和GSH-Px活性显著提高(P<0.05)。5)与CON组相比,HS组胸肌己酸、山嵛酸、γ-亚麻酸、二十二碳六烯酸(DHA)、二十碳五烯酸(EPA)+DHA含量和多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFA)/饱和脂肪酸(SFA)、不饱和脂肪酸(UFA)/SFA以及脂肪酸不饱和指数(UI)、过氧化趋势指数(PI)、营养价值指数(NVI)、低高密度脂蛋白胆固醇血症指数(HHR)、促健康水平指数(HPI)显著降低(P<0.05),胸肌肉豆蔻酸、棕榈油酸含量以及动脉粥样硬化指数(IA)、血栓形成指数(IT)显著提高(P<0.05)。与HS组相比,HSC 200组和HSC 400组胸肌肉豆蔻酸和棕榈油酸含量显著降低(P<0.05),胸肌γ-亚麻酸、DHA、EPA+DHA含量以及NVI、HHR、HPI显著提高(P<0.05);同时,HSC 200组胸肌UFA/SFA显著提高(P<0.05)。由此可见,热应激降低肉鸡屠宰性能和胸肌肉品质,COS通过缓解宰后胸肌的糖酵解、提高抗氧化能力以及改善脂肪酸组成和健康指数,从而提高热应激肉鸡胸肌肉品质;在本试验条件下,COS提高热应激肉鸡胸肌肉品质以200 mg/kg添加量效果较好。
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of dietary chitosan oligosaccharide(COS)supplementation on meat quality,postmortem muscle energy metabolism,antioxidant capacity and fatty acid composition in breast muscle of broilers under cyclic heat stress.A total of 192 male Arbor Acres(AA)broilers aged at 28 days with comparable body weight were selected and randomly divided into 4 groups,with 6 replicates per group and 8 chickens per replicate.The control group(CON group)was offered a basal diet,and the heat stress treatment groups received the basal diet supplemented with 0(HS group),200(HSC 200 group)and 400 mg/kg(HSC 400 group)COS,respectively.The housing temperature in CON group was maintained at(24±1)℃;for the heat stress treatment groups,the housing temperature was set at(34±1)℃from 10:00 to 18:00 and at(24±1)℃during the remainder of the day.The relative humidity was maintained at 65%to 75%throughout the trial.The experiment lasted for 14 days.The results showed as follows:1)compared with CON group,the dressing percentage and half-eviscerated yield percentage in HS group were significantly decreased(P<0.05).Compared with HS group,the half-eviscerated yield percentage and abdominal fat percentage in HSC 400 group were significantly decreased(P<0.05).2)Compared with CON group,the pH at 45 min and 24 h after slaughter and crude protein content in breast muscle in HS group were significantly decreased(P<0.05),and the drip loss and moisture content in breast muscle were significantly increased(P<0.05).Compared with HS group,the pH at 45 min and 24 h after slaughter in breast muscle both in HSC 200 group and HSC 400 group was significantly increased(P<0.05),and crude fat content in breast muscle in HSC 200 group was significantly increased(P<0.05).3)Compared with CON group,the glycogen and glucose(GLU)contents in breast muscle in HS group were significantly decreased(P<0.05),and the lactic acid content and hexokinase(HK)activity in breast muscle were significantly increased(P<0.05).Compared with HS group,the glycogen and GLU contents in breast muscle both in HSC 200 group and HSC 400 group were significantly elevated(P<0.05),and the lactic acid content and HK activity in breast muscle were significantly decreased(P<0.05).4)Compared with CON group,the malondialdehyde(MDA)content in breast muscle in HS group was significantly increased(P<0.05),and the activities of catalase(CAT),total superoxide dismutase(T-SOD)and glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px)in breast muscle were significantly decreased(P<0.05).Compared with HS group,the MDA content in breast muscle both in HSC 200 group and HSC 400 group was significantly decreased(P<0.05),and the activities of CAT,T-SOD and GSH-Px in breast muscle were significantly increased(P<0.05).5)Compared with CON group,the contents of caproic acid,behenic acid,γ-linolenic acid,docosahexaenoic acid(DHA)and eicosapentaenoic acid(EPA)+DHA,the ratios of polyunsaturated fatty acids to saturated fatty acids(PUFA/SFA)and unsaturated fatty acids to saturated fatty acids(UFA/SFA),as well as the fatty acid unsaturation index(UI),peroxidation trend index(PI),nutrition value index(NVI),hypocholesterolemic to hypercholesterolemic ratio(HHR)and health-promoting index(HPI)in breast muscle in HS group were significantly decreased(P<0.05);furthermore,the contents of myristic acid and palmitoleic acid,along with the index of atherogenicity(IA)and index of thrombogenicity(IT)in breast muscle in HS group were significantly increased(P<0.05).Compared with HS group,the contents of myristic acid and palmitoleic acid in breast in both HSC 200 group and HSC 400 group were significantly decreased(P<0.05),and the contents ofγ-linolenic acid,DHA and EPA+DHA,as well as the NVI,HHR and HPI were significantly increased(P<0.05);additionally,the UFA/SFA in breast muscle in HSC 200 group was significantly increased(P<0.05).In summary,the heat stress impairs the slaughter performance and breast muscle meat quality of broilers.COS ameliorates these detrimental effects by mitigating postmortem glycolysis,enhancing antioxidant capacity,and improving fatty acid composition and health indices in breast muscle.Under the experimental conditions of this trial,dietary supplementation of COS at 200 mg/kg demonstrates superior efficacy in enhancing breast muscle meat quality in heat-stressed broilers.
作者
高金稔
王浩轩
张迦
兰瑞霞
GAO Jinren;WANG Haoxuan;ZHANG Jia;LAN Ruixia(College of Coastal Agriculture Sciences,Guangdong Ocean University,Zhanjiang 524088,China)
出处
《动物营养学报》
北大核心
2026年第2期1061-1074,共14页
CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION
基金
广东海洋大学科研启动项目(R18005)。
关键词
壳寡糖
热应激肉鸡
肉品质
能量代谢
抗氧化能力
脂肪酸组成
chitosan oligosaccharides
heat-stressed broilers
meat quality
energy metabolism
antioxidant capacity
fatty acid composition
