摘要
眼部药物递送长期以来面临诸多难题,主要由于眼睛具有复杂的生理屏障和快速清除机制,导致传统眼用制剂的生物利用度低、易引发不良反应且患者用药依从性较差。为了克服这些局限性,近年来研究者开发了多种新型眼部药物递送系统,旨在延长药物在眼表滞留时间、增强其眼部渗透能力,并提高靶组织中的药物浓度。本文系统综述了新型眼部药物递送系统的研究进展,包括已上市产品及处于临床研究阶段的药物,详细阐述其处方设计、作用机制及疗效。根据给药途径的不同,重点介绍了眼表递送系统(如纳米递药系统、非水溶剂递送系统、眼用凝胶、药物洗脱隐形眼镜、泪小管植入剂)、眼周递送系统(如结膜下给药和脉络膜上腔给药)、眼内递送系统(如前房内和玻璃体内植入剂)以及鼻黏膜递送和药械结合递送系统等代表性策略。最后,对新型眼部药物递送系统的未来发展进行了展望。
Ophthalmic drug delivery has long faced many challenges due to the complex physiological barriers and rapid clearance mechanisms of the eye,which leads to low bioavailability,frequent adverse reactions,and poor patient compliance with conventional ophthalmic formulations.In order to overcome these limitations,researchers have developed a variety of new ophthalmic drug delivery systems in recent years,aiming at prolonging drug retention time on the ocular surface,enhancing intraocular penetration,and increasing the drug concentration in the target tissue.This review systematically summarizes the research progress of new ophthalmic drug delivery systems,including both marketed products and those under clinical investigation.It elaborates in detail on their formulation design,mechanism of action,and therapeutic efficacy.According to the different routes of administration,the review highlights representative strategies such as ocular surface delivery systems(e.g.,nano-drug delivery systems,non-aqueous solvent delivery systems,ophthalmic gels,drug-eluting contact lenses,and lacrimal canaliculus implants),periocular delivery systems(e.g.,subconjunctival and suprachoroidal administration),intraocular delivery systems(e.g.,implants in the anterior chamber and vitreous body),as well as nasal mucosa delivery system and drug-mechanical combined delivery systems.Finally,the future development of the new ophthalmic drug delivery system is prospected.
作者
毕肖爽
赵健
吉木色
吴涛
尹湉
张宇
BI Xiao-shuang;ZHAO Jian;JI Mu-se;WU Tao;YIN Tian;ZHANG Yu(School of Pharmaceutics,Shenyang Pharmaceutical University,Shenyang 110016,China;School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica,Shenyang Pharmaceutical University,Shenyang 110016,China)
出处
《中国新药杂志》
北大核心
2026年第3期275-284,共10页
Chinese Journal of New Drugs
基金
国家自然科学基金资助项目(82172086)
国家R&D重点资助项目(2020YFE0201700)
辽宁省教育厅前沿技术平台资助项目(LJ232410163022)。
