摘要
基于广西2014年、2019年和2023年沙化监测数据,综合运用Patch Analyst、Fragstats景观格局指数计算软件、景观生态学理论及马尔可夫转移矩阵方法,将沙化区域土地利用类型划分为耕地、林地等6个景观类型,从整体景观水平与景观类型水平分析其十年变化特征。结果显示:1)景观类型结构呈“剧烈调整-稳定微调”的阶段特征。2014—2019年,耕地占比从56.29%降至44.48%,林地、建设用地占比分别上升4.96%、3.60%;2019—2023年各景观类型占比波动均小于0.3%,最终形成“耕地相对主导、林地跟进、建设用地崛起”的多元格局,生态修复成效显现。2)景观破碎化集中在2014—2019年。景观水平上,斑块数量由9268个增至120314个,平均斑块面积从25.22 hm^(2)降至1.94 hm^(2);类型水平上,各景观平均斑块面积降幅为84.2%~90.9%。人类活动是导致该阶段景观破碎化的主要因素,2019年后破碎化格局趋于稳定。3)景观类型转移在2014—2019年较为活跃、2019—2023年趋于稳定,生态修复、城镇化、土地开发为三大核心驱动因素。
Based on desertification monitoring data of Guangxi in 2014,2019,and 2023,we comprehensively use two landscape pattern index calculation software(Patch Analyst and Fragstats),combined with landscape ecology theories and the Markov transfer matrix method.We classify the land use types in desertified areas into six landscape types,including cropland and forest land,and analyze their decade-long changes at both the overall landscape scale and the landscape type scale.The results show that:1)The landscape type structure presents a phased characteristic of"dramatic adjustment followed by stable fine-tuning".From 2014 to 2019,the proportion of cropland decreased from 56.28%to 44.48%,while the proportions of forest land and construction land increased by 4.96%and 3.60%,respectively.From 2019 to 2023,the fluctuation range of the proportion of each type was less than 0.3%,ultimately forming a diversified pattern characterized by"relative dominance of cropland,gradual expansion of forest land,and rising construction land",with obvious effects of ecological restoration. 2) Landscape fragmentation mainly occurred between 2014 and 2019. At the landscape scale, the number of patches (NP) increased from 9 268 to 120 314, and the mean patch size (MPS) decreased from 25.22 hm^(2) to 1.94 hm^(2). At the type scale, the reduction range of MPS for all landscape types was between 84.2% and 90.9%. Human activities were the main driving factor causing landscape fragmentation during this period, and the fragmentation pattern stabilized after 2019. 3) Landscape transitions were highly active from 2014 to 2019 but stabilized during 2019-2023, with ecological restoration, urbanization, and land development identified as the three core driving forces.
作者
莫奇京
罗蔚生
徐占勇
柳雄辉
唐秋月
谭必增
MO Qijing;LUO Weisheng;XU Zhanyong;LIU Xionghui;TANG Qiuyue;TAN Bizeng(Guangxi Forest Resources and Environment Monitoring Center,Nanning 530021,Guangxi,China)
出处
《中南林业调查规划》
2026年第1期63-71,共9页
Central South Forest Inventory and Planning
基金
森林草原湿地综合监测评价项目-石漠化、沙化专项。
