摘要
目的解析影响安顺市市售饮料合成色素添加模式的关键因素(包括生产企业规模与销售场所类型等),识别潜在风险点,为制定差异化监管策略提供科学证据。方法2018年4月-2019年4月按照分层采样要求在安顺市主城区随机采集饮料样品484份,使用高效液相色谱法检测其中合成色素含量,采用SPSS 27.0统计软件对数据进行分析。结果饮料中合成色素总检出率为63.8%,混合添加率为60.8%,含量合格率为100%。按合成色素种类分,检出率最高为柠檬黄41.7%,最低为亮蓝1.2%;按饮料类别分,检出率最高为功能饮料95.6%,最低为茶饮料18.9%;按饮料生产企业类型分,检出率最高为微型企业70.8%,最低为大型企业42.9%;按销售场所类型分,检出率最高为学校周边小卖部70.1%,最低为大型商场46.6%;按饮料产地分,检出率大小顺序为安顺本地(76.5%)>外地(61.8%);按包装类型分,检出率大小顺序为散装(70.0%)>成品包装(63.7%)。不同类别的饮料,不同类型企业、不同销售场所、不同产地的饮料检出率比较,差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论安顺市市售饮料中合成色素添加较普遍,且添加行为与企业规模、销售场所等因素显著相关。虽总体安全风险可控,但需加强对微型企业与学校周边小卖部等重点环节的靶向监管与宣传教育,以进一步保障市场安全。
Objective To analyze key factors influencing the use patterns of synthetic colorants in beverages sold in Anshun(including enterprise scale and types of sales outlets),identify potential risk points,and provide scientific evidence for developing differentiated regulatory strategies.Methods From April 2018 to April 2019,a total of 484 beverage samples were randomly collected from the urban area of Anshun according to stratified sampling requirements.The concentrations of synthetic colorants were determined using high-performance liquid chromatography(HPLC).Data were analyzed using SPSS 27.0 statistical software.Results The overall detection rate of synthetic colorants in beverages was 63.8%,with a co-occurrence(mixed use)rate of 60.8%.The compliance rate for colorant levels was 100%.By type of synthetic colorant,tartrazine showed the highest detection rate(41.7%),while brilliant blue had the lowest(1.2%).By beverage category,functional drinks had the highest detection rate(95.6%),whereas tea beverages had the lowest rate(18.9%).By manufacturer type,small enterprises showed the highest detection rate(70.8%),compared to large enterprises(42.9%).By sales outlet type,convenience stores near schools had the highest detection rate(70.1%),while large shopping malls had the lowest(46.6%).By origin,locally produced beverages in Anshun(76.5%)showed higher detection rates than those from other regions(61.8%).By packaging type,unpackaged beverages had a higher detection rate(70.0%)than pre-packaged ones(63.7%).Differences in detection rates across beverage categories,enterprise types,sales outlets,and origins were all statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion The use of synthetic colorants in commercial beverages in Anshun is common and significantly associated with enterprise size and sales environment.Although the overall safety risk remains manageable,targeted supervision and public education should be strengthened,particularly for small enterprises and convenience stores near schools,to further ensure market safety.
作者
刘钰洁
戴乾
王灵秋
韦刚
瞿广胜
蔡贵香
徐林
LIU Yu-jie;DAI Qian;WANG Ling-qiu;WEI Gang;QU Guang-sheng;CAI Gui-xiang;XU Lin(Laboratory Department,Anshun Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Guizhou 561000,China;Anshun Key Laboratory of Food Sa fety Risk Monitoring;General Of fice,Anshun Center for Disease Control and Prevention;Public Health Surveillance Department,Anshun Center for Disease Control and Prevention)
出处
《预防医学论坛》
2025年第10期787-790,共4页
Preventive Medicine Tribune
基金
安顺市科技创新平台建设计划项目(安市科平[2022]1号)。
关键词
饮料
合成色素
现况分析
监督管理
Beverages
Synthetic colorant
Current situation analysis
Supervision and management
