摘要
随着我国基层卫生体系改革的深入推进,科学、系统的评价指标体系成为衡量基层卫生服务能力与发展水平的关键工具。本文系统梳理了自2009年新医改以来,围绕基层卫生服务与管理方面进行评价的指标体系文献,涵盖绩效评价、服务能力评价等6类主题,分析其发表时间、研究区域分布、指标特征及研究方法等特点。研究发现,不同时期研究主题侧重点不同,现有研究较多集中在东部地区,研究内容以绩效评价为主,多采用文献分析法、德尔菲法和层次分析法等构建指标体系。各类指标体系构建有其特点和趋势,但存在缺乏动态调整机制、应用推广受限及指标选取主观等问题。未来研究应关注服务质量、医防融合等薄弱领域,结合大数据技术提升指标客观性,进一步强化动态监测与指标体系现场应用,以期更全面、精准地反映基层卫生发展的实效,为政策优化提供参考依据。
With the deepening reform of China's primary health care system,scientific and systematic evaluation indicator systems have become crucial tools for measuring the capacity and development level of primary healthcare services.This article systematically reviewed the literature on evaluation indicator systems for primary healthcare services and management since the 2009 Healthcare Reform,covering six themes including performance evaluation,service capacity assessment,etc.It analyzed characteristics such as publication timeline,geographical distribution of research,indicator features,and research methods used.The study revealed that research themes have varied in focus across different periods.Existing research is concentrated in eastern China,with performance evaluation being the predominant subject.Literature review,the Delphi method,and the Analytic Hierarchy Process have been frequently employed to construct these indicator systems.While various indicator systems demonstrate unique characteristics and trends,limitations exist,including a lack of dynamic adjustment mechanisms,limited application and promotion,and subjectivity in indicator selection.Future research should focus on areas such as service quality and the integration of medical treatment and disease prevention,leveraging big data technology to enhance the objectivity of indicators.Furthermore,strengthening dynamic monitoring and field application of indicator systems is essential to more comprehensively and accurately reflect the effectiveness of primary healthcare development,providing a reference basis for policy optimization.
作者
林小洁
杨颖
王皓翔
LIN Xiaojie;YANG Ying;WANG Haoxiang(School of Public Health,Sun Yat-sen University,Guangzhou 510080,China;Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention/Guangdong Provincial Institute of Public Health,Guangzhou 511430,China)
出处
《中国全科医学》
北大核心
2026年第10期1256-1266,共11页
Chinese General Practice
基金
国家自然科学基金资助项目(72061137002)
广州市卫生健康科技重大项目(2025A031005)。
关键词
基层卫生
指标体系
绩效评价
服务能力评价
服务质量评价
家庭医生
医防融合
医联体
Primary healthcare
Indicator system
Performance evaluation
Service capability evaluation
Service quality evaluation
Family physician
Medical and preventive integration
Medical alliance
