摘要
铬渣是铬铁矿制备铬盐产生的固体废弃物,对铬渣深度提取铬、铝后得到低铬渣,低铬渣中主要含铁、镁等有价金属元素,具有显著的回收价值。针对低铬渣资源化利用难题,提出硫酸铵焙烧-酸浸工艺。实验以硫酸铵为焙烧剂,基于硫酸镁与硫酸铁在高温下热分解特性差异,通过精准控制焙烧温度实现镁的高效选择性浸出,同时促进铁的稳定化富集。实验结果表明:在焙烧温度为700℃、焙烧时间为40 min、硫酸铵用量为1.5倍理论量、酸浸时间为30 min、搅拌转速为500 r/min条件下镁提取率达到99.38%;同时提镁残渣中氧化铁质量分数达到90%以上,为铁的高值化利用提供基础。该工艺实现低铬渣中镁与铁的高效分离,为铬渣中多金属元素的综合利用提供技术支持,对促进循环经济发展和减少环境污染具有重要意义。
Chromium slag is the solid waste generated during the production of chromium salts from chromite.After deep ex⁃traction of chromium and aluminum from the chromium slag,a low⁃chromium slag is obtained.This low⁃chromium slag mainly contains valuable metal elements such as iron and magnesium,and has significant recovery value.In order to address the challenge of resource utilization of low⁃chromium slag,an ammonium sulfate roasting-acid leaching process was pro⁃posed.The experiment used ammonium sulfate as the roasting agent.Based on the different thermal decomposition character⁃istics of MgSO4 and Fe2(SO4)3 at high temperatures,by precisely controlling the roasting temperature,efficient and selective extraction of magnesium was achieved,while simultaneously promoting the stabilization and enrichment of iron.The results showed that under the optimal process conditions of a baking temperature of 700℃,a baking time of 40 min,an ammonium sulfate dosage of 1.5 times the theoretical amount,an acid leaching time of 30 min,and a stirring speed of 500 r/min,the ex⁃traction rate of magnesium reached 99.38%,and the mass fraction of iron oxide in the magnesium extraction residue phase exceeded 90%,providing a basis for the high⁃value utilization of iron.This process enabled efficient separation of magne⁃sium and iron from the low⁃chromium slag.It provided technical support for the comprehensive utilization of multiple metal elements in chromium slag,and was of great significance for promoting the development of circular economy and reducing environmental pollution.
作者
闫春宇
曾一钧
邱子容
全学军
李纲
YAN Chunyu;ZENG Yijun;QIU Zirong;QUAN Xuejun;LI Gang(School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Chongqing University of Technology,Chongqing 400054,China)
出处
《无机盐工业》
北大核心
2026年第2期76-82,共7页
Inorganic Chemicals Industry
基金
重庆英才计划项目(CQYC20210309538)。
关键词
铬渣
镁提取
硫酸铵焙烧
酸浸
chromium slag
extraction of magnesium
ammonium sulfate roasting
acid leaching
