摘要
为明确广州市白云山风景名胜区蝴蝶资源现状,2024年1—12月采用样线法调查,共记录蝴蝶2494只,隶属5科51属73种。其中蛱蝶科有33种,丰富度指数为4.798,为优势类群;钩翅眼蛱蝶Junonia iphita有433只,为优势种。蝴蝶种群数量呈现明显的季节波动,冬季物种数(23种)和丰富度均最低,夏季物种数(54种)和丰富度均最高。植被丰富、人为干扰中等的常绿阔叶灌木林生境的蝴蝶资源最优;植被稀疏、干扰强烈的常绿阔叶林生境的蝴蝶种数最少,多样性与丰富度较低。白云山蝴蝶共有17种分布类型,以“华南区-华中区-西南区”式区系型为主。最后基于调查结果,建议通过构建“核心-缓冲”保护体系、建立长期监测机制、平衡生态保护与旅游开发等措施,提升植物丰富度,调控人为干扰,强化白云山蝴蝶生物多样性保护与生态屏障功能。
To clarify the current status of butterfly resources in Baiyun Mountain Scenic Area,Guangzhou,a line transect survey was conducted throughout 2024.A total of 2494 butterflies were recorded,belonging to 73 species,51 genera,and 5 families.Nymphalidae(33 species,richness index 4.798)was the dominant family,while Junonia iphita(433 individuals)was the dominant species.The butterfly population exhibited distinct seasonal fluctuations:the number of species(23 species)and richness index reached their annual minima in winter,while both indicators peaked in summer with 54 species recorded.The evergreen broad-leaved shrubland habitat,characterized by rich vegetation coverage and moderate human disturbance,harbored the most abundant butterfly resources.In contrast,the evergreen broad-leaved forest habitat,featured by sparse vegetation and intense human interference,had the fewest butterfly species,along with low diversity and richness.The butterfly fauna comprised 17 distribution types with the'South China-Central China-Southwest China'pattern dominating.Based on the survey results,it is suggested that measures such as constructing a'core-buffer'protection system,establishing a long-term monitoring mechanism,and balancing ecological conservation with tourism development should be implemented.These efforts aim to increase vegetation richness,regulate human disturbance,and further strengthen the protection of butterfly biodiversity and the ecological barrier function of Baiyun Mountain.
作者
徐树兰
孙龙华
霍立志
张劲蔼
邓嘉茹
XU Shulan;SUN Longhua;HUO Lizhi;ZHANG Jinai;DENG Jiaru
出处
《广东园林》
2025年第5期115-122,共8页
Guangdong Landscape Architecture
基金
广州市重点研发计划项目“广州市生态园林科技协同创新中心”(编号:202206010058)。
关键词
蝴蝶群落
物种多样性
生境
区系
Butterfly communities
Species diversity
Habitat
Fauna
