摘要
为提高高盐胁迫下芒硝盐岩弃渣场植被生态修复速率,以当地优势物种为切入点进行实验研究,旨在为弃渣场生态修复提供理论参考与决策依据。通过调查研究,弃渣场区优势物种为银合欢、类芦、戟叶酸模、龙舌兰4种典型植物,采用野外原位采样方式,测定土壤pH值、可溶盐、有效氮、速效磷、速效钾的变化。结果表明:(1)4种优势物种植物均对土壤pH值具有削弱作用,其中戟叶酸模削弱效果最大(为0.49),银合欢影响效果最小(为0.15);(2)与空白对照区相比,4种植物均对土壤含盐量有显著削弱作用,类芦、龙舌兰、戟叶酸模、银合欢分别削弱了69.72%、65.63%、61.91%、61.13%;(3)从改善土壤养分的情况来看,类芦和银合欢在提高土壤有效氮方面表现最佳,分别提高了15.70 mg/kg和19.48 mg/kg;类芦和戟叶酸模在提高土壤速效钾方面效果最好,分别提高了10.37 mg/kg和11.01 mg/kg;(4)4种植物表现出不同的改良效果,类芦、龙舌兰表现出较好的降盐作用,类芦、银合欢、戟叶酸模在改良土壤养分方面效果更为显著。综合实验结果分析得出,芒硝岩盐弃渣生态修复植被适应性从高到低依次为:类芦、银合欢、戟叶酸模、龙舌兰。研究结论可为相似类型弃渣场和尾库矿的生态修复植物配置提供参考。
In order to improve the vegetation ecological restoration rate of the mirabilite salt rock waste disposal site under high salnity stress,experimental research was conducted using local dominant species as the incision,providing theoretical reference and decision-making basis for ecological restoration of the waste disposal site.Through investigation and research,it was found that the dominant species in the waste disposal area are four typical plants,including silver acacia,reed like,folic acid mold and agave.Field in situ sampling was used to measure changes in soil pH value,soluble salts,available nitrogen,available phosphorus and available potassium.The results showed that:(1)All four dominant plant species had a weakening effect on soil pH value,with the strongest weakening effect of oxalic acid mold at 0.49 and the least weakening effect of silver acacia at 0.15.(2)Compared with the CK control,all four plants had a significant weakening effect on soil salinity,with reed like plants,agave plants,folic acid mold and silver acacia significantly weakening soil salinity by 69.72%,65.63%,61.91%and 61.13%,respectively.(3)From the perspective of improving soil nutrient conditions,reed and silver acacia have the best effect on increasing soil available nitrogen,increasing by 15.70 mg/kg and 19.48 mg/kg,respectively.The effects of reed like and folic acid mold on increasing soil available potassium were the best,increasing by 10.37 mg/kg and 11.01 mg/kg,respectively.(4)Four plants showed different improvement effects,with reed like and agave showing better salt lowering effects,while reed like,silver acacia and halberd leaf acid mold showed more significant effects in improving soil nutrients.Based on the analysis of the comprehensive experimental results,the adaptability of vegetation for ecological restoration of mirabilite rock salt waste is ranked from high to low as follows:reed like,silver acacia,halberd leaf acid mold and agave.The research conclusion can provide reference for the ecological restoration plant configuration of similar types of waste disposal sites and tailings ponds.
作者
蒋文翠
彭尔瑞
孔维博
金冠锋
耿庆宝
JIANG Wencui;PENG Errui;KONG Weibo;JIN Guanfeng;GENG Qingbao(Zangmu Hydropower Plant of Huaneng Tibet the Yarlung Zangbo River Hydropower Development Investment Co.,Ltd.,Shannan 856400,China;Yunnan Agricultural University,Kunming 650201,China;China Energy Construction Group Yunnan Electric Power Design Institute Co.,Ltd.,Kunming 650201,China)
出处
《甘肃科学学报》
2026年第1期140-145,共6页
Journal of Gansu Sciences
关键词
高盐胁迫
芒硝盐岩弃渣
生态修复植物
适应性
High salinity stress
Mirabilite salt rock waste slag
Ecological restoration plants
Adaptability
