摘要
新一届特朗普政府对西半球的关注度显著上升,并着手推行“门罗主义”的新变体“唐罗主义”,以期巩固美国在西半球的绝对主导地位。在此背景下,特朗普第二任期的拉美政策呈现出鲜明的排他性、胁迫性、内顾性特征,霸权主义、意识形态和极端利己色彩十分浓厚;其背后的战略盘算主要表现为掌控地区政治经济主导权、控制战略性关键矿产资源以及遏制中国等“非西半球竞争者”。这种政策取向无疑将对拉美的地缘政治、经济环境产生深远而复杂的影响。拉美国家基于谋求经济发展、规避系统风险和增强自主话语等因素考量,将采取经济实用主义、软制衡与多元化、对内拒绝外部势力主导和对外谋求地区话语权等策略应对美国的干涉和胁迫,它们未来与域外大国的关系也将在霸权压力和自主诉求的博弈中深刻重塑。
The new Trump administration has significantly increased its attention to the Western Hemisphere and has begun to promote a new variant of“Monroe Doctrine”-“Donroe Doctrine”,in an effort to consolidate the United States’absolute dominance in the Western Hemisphere.Against this backdrop,Trump’s Latin American policy during his second term presented distinct characteristics of exclusivity,coercion and inwardlooking,with a strong tint of hegemonism,ideology and extreme selfinterest.The strategic calculations behind it are mainly manifested in maintaining the political and economic dominance of the region,controlling key strategic mineral resources,and containing“non-Western Hemisphere competitors”such as China.This policy orientation will undoubtedly have a profound and complex impact on the geopolitical and economic environment of Latin America.In consideration of factors such as seeking economic development,avoiding systemic risks and enhancing autonomous discourse,Latin American countries may adopt strategies such as economic pragmatism,soft checks and balances,and diversification,while refusing external dominance internally and seeking regional discourse power externally to deal with the interference and coercion of the United States.Their future relations with major countries outside the region will also be profoundly reshaped in the game between hegemonic pressure and autonomous demands.
作者
李紫莹
黄云鹤
Li Ziying;Huang Yunhe(Department of Hispanic and Portuguese,Beijing Foreign Studies University)
出处
《和平与发展》
2026年第1期152-175,181,182,共26页
Peace and Development
基金
国家社科基金重大项目“拉美马克思主义研究及其代表人物著作译介”(项目编号:23&ZD018)的阶段性成果。
