摘要
近代中国生物制品事业的发展与国家形势相伴而行。中央防疫处自1919年成立后,逐渐成为全国生物制品研产供应的核心机构。1931—1945年间,战乱造成的迁徙、封锁与物资匮乏等困境虽然影响了其正常发展,但是也促使其建立起以“产能迁移-技术创新-产销协同-战时应用”为特征的战时机制。通过设备自制、菌种改良与质量管控,中央防疫处在战时实现了关键技术突破,其生物制品既用于保障军民健康、强化前后方卫生防线,也奠定了中国现代生物制药的技术基础与制度框架。该过程表明战争对医药卫生事业产生了一定的催化效应,折射出近代中国在救亡压力下自主构建公共卫生体系的内在逻辑。
The growth of modern biopharmaceuticals in China unfolded amid national crisis.Founded in 1919,the Central Epidemic Prevention Bureau became the country's key centre for the research,production,and supply of biological products.From 1931 to 1945,wartime disruption—displacement,blockades,and material shortages—hindered its work but also prompted the creation of a wartime system integrating capacity relocation,technological innovation,coordinated production,and frontline application.Through self-made equipment,improved strains,and strict quality control,the Bureau achieved essential breakthroughs.Its products protected military and civilian health,strengthened sanitary defences,and helped lay the technical and institutional foundations of China's modern biopharmaceutical sector.This experience reveals how war accelerated medical and public health development and how China sought to build its own public health system under the pressures of national survival.
出处
《史学月刊》
北大核心
2026年第2期86-100,共15页
Journal of Historical Science
基金
国家社会科学基金重大项目“宋元以来中医知识的演进与现代‘中医’的形成研究”(18ZDA175)。
关键词
抗日战争
中央防疫处
生物制品
研产销用
公共卫生
War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression
Central Epidemic Prevention Bureau
Biological Products
Research,Production,Sales and Application
Public Health
