摘要
脑机接口作为医学技术革新的颠覆力量,已经成为治疗多类疾病的关键技术支撑。然而,脑机接口技术的创新与实践也伴随着科技伦理的衍生,亟须提出针对性的应对措施。以脑机接口的伦理挑战及其应对为研究对象,从脑机接口的内涵切入,通过梳理脑机接口的概念、分类及原理,认为脑机接口技术存在以下伦理挑战:神经隐私权存在遭受侵害的风险;人类心智特征改变的自决权受到侵害;脑机接口技术的相关责任归属问题。基于此提出伦理对策:积极完善、推行神经技术伦理政策;坚持“以人为本”的神经技术研发理念;注重脑机接口反制技术的研发攻关。
Brain-computer interface(BCI),as a disruptive force in medical technological innovation,have become a key technical support for treating various diseases.However,the innovation and practice of BCI technology have also been accompanied by the rise of scientific and technological ethics,urgently necessitating targeted countermeasures.Taking the ethical challenges in BCI and their responses as the research object,this paper started from the connotation of brain-computer interfaces,sorting out their concept,classification,and principles.It argued that BCI technology faced the following ethical challenges,including the risk of infringement upon neural privacy rights,the violation on the right to self-determination regarding alterations to human mental characteristics,and the issues of responsibility attribution related to BCI technology.Based on this,ethical countermeasures were proposed,encompassing actively improving and implementing ethical policies for neurotechnology,adhering to a“human-centered”philosophy in neurotechnology research and development,and prioritizing the research and development breakthroughs of countermeasures against BCI.
作者
宣澍
XUAN Shu(School of Physical Education,Hunan University,Changsha 410082,China)
出处
《中国医学伦理学》
北大核心
2026年第2期167-173,共7页
Chinese Medical Ethics
关键词
脑机接口
科技伦理
医学伦理
技术治理
brain-computer interface
scientific and technological ethics
medical ethics
technical governance
