摘要
孤独症谱系障碍(autism spectrum disorder,ASD)是以社会交往障碍、交流障碍、刻板行为为特征的神经发育障碍性疾病,其病因及发病机制尚不明确,但越来越多的证据表明炎症、免疫失调可能在其中起到重要作用。因此,免疫调节及抗炎干预作为ASD的潜在治疗策略备受关注。当前ASD免疫治疗整体处于探索阶段,疗效存在显著异质性,仅对部分特定亚型患者有效,且缺乏统一的疗效评价标准与长期安全性数据。本文综述了各类免疫治疗方法包括干细胞、静脉注射免疫球蛋白、肠道微生态移植、皮质类固醇及神经类固醇等在儿童ASD中的应用进展,旨在为未来聚焦ASD免疫病理亚型的精准分型、治疗方案的优化及生物标志物的探索提供理论依据。
Autism spectrum disorder(ASD)is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by impairments in social interaction,communication,and restricted,repetitive patterns of behavior.Although its exact etiology and pathogenesis remain unclear,a growing body of evidence suggests that inflammation and immune dysregulation may play significant roles in its development.Consequently,immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory interventions have garnered increasing attention as potential therapeutic strategies for ASD.Currently,immunotherapy for ASD is still in the exploratory stage,demonstrating significant heterogeneity in treatment efficacy—showing benefit only in certain specific subtypes of patients—while lacking unified criteria for evaluating therapeutic outcomes and long-term safety data.This review aims to summarize the progress of various immunotherapeutic approaches(including stem cell therapy,intravenous immunoglobulin,gut microbiota transplantation,corticosteroids,and neurosteroids)in the treatment of ASD in children.The findings provide a theoretical basis for future research focused on the precise classification of immune pathological subtypes in ASD,optimization of treatment regimens,and exploration of biomarkers,thereby advancing the field toward more precision-based therapeutic strategies.
作者
张茈琰
庞平
杨光
ZHANG Ziyan;PANG Ping;YANG Guang(Senior Department of Pediatrics,the Seventh Medical Center of PLA General Hospital,Beijing 100700,China;Chinese PLA Medical School,Beijing 100853,China;Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Guiyang 550003,Guizhou Province,China)
出处
《解放军医学院学报》
2025年第11期1077-1082,1109,共7页
Academic Journal of Chinese PLA Medical School
基金
国家重点研发计划(2023YFC2706405)。
