摘要
基于黄土高原刺槐人工林文献数据,通过外包线分析法解析乔木层、灌木层、草本层和枯落物层生物量对主要因子的响应规律,确定合适的调控手段使各层生物量维持在较高水平。结果表明:(1)黄土高原各层生物量均值(t/hm^(2))表现为乔木层(73.78)>枯落物层(6.43)>灌木层(2.91)>草本层(1.55),其中乔木层占比达87%。(2)各层生物量随主要影响因子的变化表现为:乔木层最主要影响因子是林龄,随林龄增加呈迅速增长(0—20 a)-增长渐缓(20—30 a)-趋于平缓(>30 a)的规律,立地指数(10 m)、郁闭度(0.60)、林分密度(1500株/hm^(2))为该层生物量增速转折点。灌木层和草本层主要影响因子是立地指数、林分密度、郁闭度,灌木层随立地指数升高逐渐递减,草本层呈快速增加-缓慢增加-趋于平稳的趋势;灌草层生物量均在>1700株/hm^(2)后显著减小、在郁闭度0.60—0.65时维持较高值。枯落物层的主要影响因子是林龄、乔木层生物量、郁闭度,随林龄和乔木层生物量增加先快速增大后增速渐缓,随郁闭度呈单峰响应(峰值0.60—0.70)。(3)郁闭度0.60—0.65时各植被层生物量维持较高水平(外包线最大值的85%以上)。该研究分析了黄土高原刺槐人工林各植被层生物量对主要因子的响应规律,并提出未来刺槐人工林经营时应维持0.60—0.65郁闭度范围使各层生物量维持在较高水平,为指导构建合理乔-灌-草-枯落物复合结构、提高刺槐林生态系统稳定性和固碳、水土保持与生物多样性保护等生态功能提供支撑。
Based on the literature data of Robinia pseudoacacia plantation in the Loess Plateau,the response of biomass of tree layer,shrub layer,herb layer,and litter layer to main factors was analyzed by outsourced line analysis,and the appropriate control measures were determined to maintain the biomass of each layer at a high level.The results showed that:(1)The average biomass(t/hm^(2))in each layer on the Loess Plateau was as follows:tree layer(73.78)>litter layer(6.43)>shrub layer(2.91)>herb layer(1.55),with the tree layer accounting for 87%of the total.(2)The biomass of each layer varies with changes in the main influencing factors as follows:the most important influencing factor for the tree layer was forest age,with biomass increasing rapidly with increasing forest age(0—20 years),slowing down(20—30 years),and stabilizes(>30 years).Site index(10 m),canopy density(0.60),and stand density(1500 plant/hm^(2))served as turning points for biomass growth in this layer.The primary influencing factors for the shrub layer and herb layer were site index,stand density,and canopy density.Biomass in the shrub layer decreased gradually with increasing site index,while biomass in the herb layer followed a trend of rapid increase-slow increase-stabilization.Biomass in both the shrub and herb layers decreased significantly after exceeding 1700 plant/hm^(2) and maintained a high value at canopy density between 0.60 and 0.65.The main influencing factors for the litter layer were forest age,tree layer biomass,and canopy density.Biomass first increased rapidly with increasing forest age and tree layer biomass,then the rate of increase slows.Biomass exhibited a single-peak response with canopy density(peak at 0.60—0.70).(3)At canopy density levels of 0.60—0.65,biomass in all vegetation layers remained at relatively high levels(above 85% of the maximum value of the outer envelope).This study analyzed the response of biomass of each vegetation layer of Robinia pseudoacacia plantation in the Loess Plateau to the main factors for the first time,and proposed that the canopy density range of 0.60—0.65 should be maintained in the future management of Robinia pseudoacacia plantation to maintain the biomass of each layer at a high level,so as to provide support for guiding the construction of a reasonable tree-shrub-herb-litter composite structure,improving the stability of Robinia pseudoacacia forest ecosystem and ecological functions such as carbon sequestration,soil and water conservation and biodiversity protection.
作者
云慧雅
王冬梅
王彦辉
张莹莹
张梦棋
刘亚玲
YUN Huiya;WANG Dongmei;WANG Yanhui;ZHANG Yingying;ZHANG Mengqi;LIU Yaling(School of Soil and Water Conservation,Beijing Forestry University,Key Laboratory of Soil and Water Conservation of National Forestry and Grassland Administration,Engineering Research Center of Forestry Ecological Engineering,Ministry of Education,Beijing 100083,China;Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Environment,National Forestry and Grassland Administration,Ecology and Nature Conservation Institute,Chinese Academy of Forestry,Beijing 100091,China)
出处
《生态学报》
北大核心
2026年第3期1310-1323,共14页
Acta Ecologica Sinica
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(U20A2085)
国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFF1300404)。
关键词
黄土高原
刺槐人工林
植被层生物量
立地因子
林分结构
郁闭度
Loess Plateau
Robinia pseudoacacia plantation forests
biomass of vegetation layers
site factors
stand structure
canopy density
