摘要
企业低碳转型对中国实现“双碳”目标和高质量发展具有重要战略意义。在匹配中国工业企业数据库与中国工业企业污染排放数据库基础上,利用多期双重差分模型检验差别电价政策对企业碳排放的影响及其机理。研究发现,差别电价政策能够促进高耗能企业碳减排,并通过提升能源效率、促进资本更新和引致产品重构等路径实现;其效应在环保执法力度大、电力紧缺程度高和未实施优惠电价地区,以及资本密集型和政府补贴企业中更为明显。此外,差别电价政策通过资源再配置降低地区—行业层面碳排放,并通过产业链传导实现上游企业碳减排,促使企业实现减污降碳协同发展。据此提出持续完善差别电价政策、不断优化差别电价碳减排效应的传导路径、注重差别电价政策的差异化实施、推动全社会绿色低碳发展等政策建议。
As the main body of energy consumption and carbon emissions in China,whether high-energy-consuming enterprises can implement the green development concept and practice green and low-carbon development is not only related to enterprise competition,survival,and sustainable development,but also of great strategic significance for achieving the“double carbon”goals and advancing Chinese-style modernization.Green electricity pricing can internalize the external costs of energy consumption through price mechanisms and may become an effective pathway for high-energy-consuming enterprises to save energy and reduce carbon emissions.Specifically,the differential electricity pricing policy,guided by the process energy consumption of production equipment,implements higher electricity prices for restricted and phased-out enterprises in eight high-energy-consuming industries,forcing these enterprises to eliminate backward production capacity and improve the energy efficiency of production equipment,which is likely to reduce enterprise carbon emissions.However,the existing literature lacks assessment of the carbon emission reduction effect of the differential electricity pricing policy.Using panel data of Chinese high-energy-consuming enterprises from 2001 to 2009,this study constructs a multi-period difference-in-differences model to systematically evaluate the impact of the differential electricity pricing policy on enterprise carbon emissions and its mechanisms.The research findings indicate that the differential electricity pricing policy can significantly promote carbon emission reduction in high-energy-consuming enterprises,and this conclusion remains robust after a series of validity and robustness tests.Energy efficiency improvement,capital renewal,and product restructuring are the main transmission mechanisms through which the differential electricity pricing policy promotes enterprise carbon emission reduction.Heterogeneity analysis shows that the carbon emission reduction effect of the differential electricity pricing policy is more pronounced in regions with strong environmental law enforcement,high power shortage levels,and no preferential electricity pricing,as well as in capital-intensive enterprises and those receiving government subsidies.Further analysis shows that the differential electricity pricing policy can promote carbon emission reduction at the macro level through resource reallocation among enterprises and achieve carbon emission reduction in upstream enterprises through industrial chain transmission.Meanwhile,the differential electricity pricing policy also contributes to the coordinated development of carbon reduction and pollution mitigation in enterprises.The marginal contributions of this study are as follows.First,while previous studies mostly focus on the impacts of traditional environmental regulatory policies on carbon emissions,this paper innovatively examines the impact of the differential electricity pricing policy on enterprise carbon emissions and its mechanisms,providing empirical evidence for the evaluation of green electricity pricing policy.Second,this paper uses the differential electricity pricing policy to represent green electricity pricing,effectively avoiding the data deficiency problem regarding resource and environmental prices in previous studies.Moreover,by employing a difference-in-differences model for policy effect evaluation,this study greatly mitigates the potential endogenous problems in the model,thereby improving the accuracy of model estimation and the reliability of policy effect evaluation.Third,this study further evaluates the carbon emission reduction effect of the differential electricity pricing policy based on resource reallocation and industrial chain transmission paths,and systematically assesses the synergistic effects of carbon reduction,pollution mitigation,and efficiency enhancement of the differential electricity pricing policy,thereby deepening the comprehensive understanding of green resource and environmental pricing.This study is expected to provide empirical references and decision-making basis for government departments to further promote and improve green electricity pricing policies,accelerate the comprehensive green transformation of economic and social development,and construct a high-quality modernized economic system.
作者
韩国高
任荣
庞明川
HAN Guogao;REN Rong;PANG Mingchuan(School of Investment and Construction Management,Dongbei University of Finance and Economics,Dalian 116025,China;Institute for Northeast Full Revitalization,Dongbei University of Finance and Economics,Dalian 116025,China)
出处
《当代经济科学》
北大核心
2026年第1期105-119,共15页
Modern Economic Science
基金
辽宁省社会科学规划基金重点建设学科项目(L24ZD040)。
关键词
差别电价
碳排放
低碳转型
能源效率
资本更新
产品重构
高耗能企业
资源再配置
产业链传导
differential electricity pricing
carbon emissions
low-carbon transition
energy efficiency
capital renewal
product restructuring
high-energy-consuming enterprises
resource reallocation
industrial chain transmission
