摘要
双金属纳米酶的研究标志着纳米酶从单一组分迈向多元协同的新阶段,相较于单金属纳米酶,双金属体系通过组分间电子协调与几何效应,在催化效率与反应特异性方面展现了显著优势.本综述系统性梳理了双金属纳米酶的最新研究进展,重点探讨了其催化活性的协同调控机制.在催化机制层面,组分设计优化借助d带中心优化反应路径;尺寸效应诱导表面原子配位重构;形貌调控凭借暴露特定的晶面与界面工程增强底物选择性.这些调控策略赋予了双金属纳米酶模拟过氧化物酶、氧化酶等天然酶催化活性的能力,促成多酶级联的高效协同.在生物医学应用方面,抗感染治疗中通过产生活性氧破坏细菌生物膜结构,针对肿瘤环境特点进行靶向治疗,借助氧化还原系统调节实现创面快速修复.本综述旨在通过明晰上述策略中组分协同、尺寸效应与形貌工程之间的构效关系,揭示双金属纳米酶的电子结构调控规律与界面效应协同机制,为面向抗感染治疗、肿瘤催化治疗及组织修复等生物医学应用的高性能双金属纳米酶的高效、稳定及生物相容性设计提供理论依据.
Research on bimetallic nanozymes represents a significant evolution from monometallic to multicomponent synergistic systems in nanozyme development.By leveraging intermetallic electron coordination and geometric effects,bimetallic architectures demonstrate remarkable enhancements in both catalytic efficiency and reaction specificity compared to their monometallic counterparts.This review comprehensively examines recent advances in bimetallic nanozymes,with particular emphasis on the synergistic mechanisms governing their catalytic performance.At the fundamental level,we discuss how compositional engineering enables precise dband center modulation,how nanoscale dimensions alter surface atomic coordination environments,and how morphological control through specific facet exposure and interface design improves substrate selectivity.These strategic approaches collectively empower bimetallic nanozymes to mimic various natural enzymes including peroxidases and oxidases,while enabling efficient multienzyme cascade reactions.In biomedical applications,these nanozymes exhibit exceptional capabilities:they produce reactive oxygen species to disrupt bacterial biofilms for anti-infective therapy,utilize tumor microenvironment characteristics for targeted catalytic therapy,and regulate redox homeostasis to promote wound healing.Through systematic analysis of the structure-activity relationships in component synergy,size effects,and morphology engineering,this review aims to elucidate the electronic structure modulation patterns and interface synergistic mechanisms in bimetallic nanozymes,thereby providing theoretical guidance for designing high-performance bimetallic nanozymes with enhanced efficiency,stability,and biocompatibility for biomedical applications including anti-infective therapy,cancer treatment,and tissue regeneration.
作者
余安安
王宏赏
陈洪宇
Yu An'an;Wang Hongshang;Chen Hongyu(Hangzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Hangzhou,Zhejiang 310007,China;Department of Chemistry,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou,Zhejiang 310058,China)
出处
《分子催化(中英文)》
北大核心
2026年第1期83-96,I0004,I0005,共16页
Journal of Molecular Catalysis(China)
基金
浙江省中医药科技计划(中医药现代化专项)(2022ZX014)。
关键词
双金属纳米酶
酶模拟催化
构效关系
生物医学应用
催化治疗
bimetallic nanozymes
enzyme-mimetic catalysis
structure-activity relationship
biomedical applications
catalytic therapy
