摘要
甲烷(CH4)是主要温室气体之一,其对全球气候变化产生重要影响。河流是产甲烷的重要场所,而河流环境的复杂性使得采用传统方法难以有效开展对河流微生物产甲烷的深入研究。综述产甲烷微生物的基本分类、在环境中的分布、甲烷产生的氢营养代谢途径、甲酸发酵途径、乙酸发酵途径以及甲基营养途径等酶促反应途径和非酶促反应途径;从温度、pH值、氧化还原电位、流速与水位、水流剪切力、气象条件、植被类型8个方面探讨影响河流微生物产甲烷过程的环境因子;总结PCR技术和高通量测序等分子生物学技术在河流微生物产甲烷研究中的应用现状;指出目前河流微生物产甲烷研究在河流环境刻画的有限性、PCR和测序技术应用的局限性、数据解读与分析的复杂性3个方面存在不足;从河流环境模型的构建与应用、分子生物学技术的更深入应用、知识共享与智能化分析3个方面对未来河流甲烷排放研究进行展望,为河流微生物产甲烷的深入研究提供新思路和新方法。
Methane(CH4),an important greenhouse gas,exerts a substantial influence on global climate change.Rivers are crucial sites for methane production,but the complexity of environmental conditionsin rivers makes it difficult to conduct in-depth research on methane generation by river microorganisms with traditional methods.This article first outlines the basic classification of methanogenic microbes,their distribution and the pathways of methane formation such as the hydrogen nutrition metabolism pathway,the formic acid fermentation pathway,the acetic acid fermentation pathway,the methyl nutrition pathway,and the nonenzymatic reaction pathway.Then,it explores the eight environmental factors affecting the methane production process of river microorganisms:temperature,pH value,redox potential,flow rate and water level,water flow shear force,meteorological conditions,and vegetation type.Subsequently,an overview is provided of the application of molecular biology techniques including PCR technology and high-throughput sequencing,in the study of river microbial methane production.Finally,it points out the problems in current research on methane production by river microorganisms,which are the insufficiency in characterizing river environments,limitations in the application of PCR and sequencing technology,as well as the complexity of data interpretation and analysis.Moreover,it discusses future research on river methane emissions from three directions:the construction and application of river environmental models,the deeper application of molecular biology technology,and knowledge sharing and intelligent analysis,providing new ideas and methods for the exploration on river microbial methane production.
作者
吴尔寒
毛羽丰
何强
孔慈明
WU Erhan;MAO Yufeng;HE Qiang;KONG Ciming(College of Environment and Ecology,Ministry of Education,Chongqing University,Chongqing 400045,P.R.China;Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region’s Eco-Environment,Ministry of Education,Chongqing University,Chongqing 400045,P.R.China;National Engineering Research Center for Inland Waterway Regulation/Key Laboratory of Hydraulic and Waterway Engineering of the Ministry of Education,Chongqing Jiaotong University,Chongqing 400074,P.R.China;Qujing Environmental Engineering Evaluation Center,Qujing 655000,Yunnan,P.R.China)
出处
《土木与环境工程学报(中英文)》
北大核心
2026年第1期231-242,共12页
Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering
基金
国家自然科学基金(U20A20326)。
关键词
河流
微生物
甲烷
影响因素
river
microorganisms
methane
influencing factors
