摘要
为评价福建省巴戟天种质资源的遗传多样性,以福建省7个县区10个采样点共27份种质资源为研究对象,统计表型性状并利用电镜观测花粉形态,结合ISSR分子标记进行遗传多样性分析。结果表明:福建省巴戟天花粉形态呈长球形(极赤比1.66~1.99),极轴长范围为36.89~52.93μm;赤道轴长范围为15.14~33.58μm;极赤比(P/E值)介于1.32~2.73,且变异系数(11.36%)最大;叶片形态(椭圆形、披针形和卵圆形)及株高、叶片数、分枝数等表型性状均存在丰富变异(变异系数11.74%~50.41%)。采用筛选出的10条ISSR多态性引物(多态性条带64条,多态性百分率平均82.48%)进行PCR扩增,结果显示27份巴戟天种质具有较高的遗传多样性(Nei's基因多样性指数H=0.3052,Shannon指数I=0.4578)。遗传距离分析显示群体间分化显著(Nei's遗传距离介于0.0800~0.6931),M23与M24亲缘关系最近(相似系数0.9231),M26与M2最远(相似系数0.5000)。UPGMA聚类分析在遗传距离0.654处将资源分为3类:第1类群(21份)代表核心遗传背景,第2类群(5份)具有共同遗传特征,第3类群(M8)为独特生态型。综上,福建巴戟天种质资源遗传多样性丰富,且存在明显地理分化,建议优先保护遗传多样性高的类群(如M23/M24群体)及独特生态型(M8),研究可为福建巴戟天种质资源保护利用与育种工作提供参考依据。
In order to evaluate the genetic diversity of Morinda officinalis germplasm resources in Fujian Province,a total of 27 germplasm resources collected from 10 sampling sites across 7 counties in Fujian Province were used as the research objects.Then,the phenotypic traits were systematically recorded and the pollen morphology was observed by using the electron microscopy.The genetic diversity was analyzed by ISSR molecular markers.The results showed that the pollen morphology of M.officinalis in Fujian Province was prolate(the P/E ratio of 1.66 to 1.99),with the polar axis length of 36.89 to 52.93μm,and the equatorial axis length of 15.14μm to 33.58μm.The P/E ratio ranged from from 1.32 to 2.73,and exhibited the highest coefficient of variation(11.36%)among all the pollen traits.The leaf morphology(including elliptic,lanceolate,and ovate forms)and other phenotypic traits such as plant height,leaf number and branch number also displayed substantial variation,with the coefficients of variation ranging from 11.74%to 50.41%.The PCR amplification was performed by using ten ISSR polymorphic primers,generating 64 polymorphic bands with an average polymorphism percentage of 82.48%The results showed that 27 M.officinalis germplasms had high genetic diversity(Nei’s gene diversity index H=0.3052,Shannon’s index I=0.4578).The genetic distance analysis showed that the differentiation between populations was significant(Nei’s genetic distance ranged from 0.0800 to 0.6931).The genetic relationship between M23 and M24 was the closest(similarity coefficient:0.9231),and that between M26 and M2 was the farthest(similarity coefficient:0.5000).The UPGMA clustering analysis divided the germplasm resources into three groups at the genetic distance of 0.654:Group I(21 samples)representing the core genetic background,Group II(5 samples)sharing common genetic characteristics,and Group III(M8)as a unique ecotype.In summary,Morinda officinalis germplasm resources in Fujian exhibited rich genetic diversity,and clear geographical differentiation.It was recommended to give priority to the conservation of populations with high genetic diversity(such as M23/M24 population)and unique ecotypes(M8).The study could provide reference for the conservation,utilization and breeding of germplasm resources of M.officinalis in Fujian.
作者
朱雁鸣
刘玲玲
牛雨晴
陈宏
李鸾翔
郑梅霞
朱育菁
苏海兰
曾日秋
ZHU Yan-ming;LIU Ling-ling;NIU Yu-qing;CHEN Hong;LI Luan-xiang;ZHENG Mei-xia;ZHU Yu-jing;SU Hai-lan;ZENG Ri-qiu(Crop Research Institute,Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Fuzhou,Fujian 350013,China;College of Horticulture,Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University,Fuzhou,Fujian 350002,China;Seed Station of Zhangzhou City,Zhangzhou,Fujian 363000,China)
出处
《福建农业科技》
2025年第11期1-10,共10页
Fujian Agricultural Science and Technology
基金
福建省科技计划重大专项(2022NZ029017)
漳州市自然科学基金项目(ZZ2025JH46)。
关键词
巴戟天
花粉形态
叶片形态
ISSR分子标记
遗传多样性
Morinda officinalis
Pollen morphology
Leaf shape
ISSR molecular marker
Genetic diversity
