摘要
获得性性状代际遗传是指生物个体受外界因素影响获得的性状通过某些机制传递给后代并影响后代的性状。多项流行病学调查表明父亲特殊饮食暴露、心理创伤、毒物接触等环境暴露通过代际遗传影响子代的表型。暴露因素重塑精子非编码RNA的表达谱及RNA修饰,并通过精子将表观遗传信息传递给下一代,调控胚胎基因表达从而实现获得性性状代际遗传。获得性性状代际遗传进一步加深了对现代人类疾病病因学的认识,这些疾病可能起源于环境诱发的代际遗传,具有广泛的医学和社会意义。本文总结和分析了近年来关于精子非编码RNA参与父系获得性性状代际遗传的机制研究,以期为探讨现代人类疾病的发病机制及优生优育提供理论基础。
The intergenerational inheritance of acquired traits refers to the transmission of phenotypes aquired by an organism under external influences across generations through certain mechanisms that affect the traits of the offspring.Paternal traits,such as specific dietary patterns,psychological stress,and toxicants,can influence the phenotypes of the offspring via intergenerational inheritance.Exposure to various factors can rebuild the RNA expression profile and modify the non-coding RNA of sperm.Epigenetic information is thus transferred to the next generation,regulating embryonic gene expression and resulting in intergenerational inheritance of acquired traits.Intergenerational inheritance of acquired traits expand our understanding of modern human disease etiology,suggesting these conditions originate from environmentally triggered intergenerational epigenetic transmission.Therefore,acquired inheritance is clinically and socially important.The aim in this review was to summarize and analyze the recent studies on non-coding RNA of sperm in mediating paternal acquired trait transmission to advance the understanding of pathogenesis in modern human diseases and provide a theoretical foundation for future eugenics studies.
作者
苏禹豪
张潇月
马健淳
刘美铄
武晶晶
SU Yuhao;ZHANG Xiaoyue;MA Jianchun;LIU Meishuo;WU Jingjing(The Second Clinical College,China Medical University,Shenyang 110122,China;School of Life Sciences,China Medical University,Shenyang 110122,China;Department of Medical Genetics,School of Life Sciences,China Medical University,Shenyang 110122,China)
出处
《中国医科大学学报》
北大核心
2026年第2期176-180,189,共6页
Journal of China Medical University
基金
中国博士后科学基金(276046)。
关键词
获得性性状代际遗传
表观遗传
非编码RNA
intergenerational inheritance of acquired traits
epigenetics
non-coding RNA
