摘要
以白花泡桐(Paulownia fortunei)木材为研究对象,采用过氧化氢漂白处理,增加木材细胞壁的活性基团数量;利用壳聚糖溶液(质量分数4%)在木材细胞壁上负载有机层,通过涂覆硅酸钠溶液(质量分数40%)形成改性层,在80℃和5 MPa的热压条件下固化获得协同改性木材。与天然木材相比,在增重率为18.9%、压缩率为75%时,协同改性木材的拉伸、抗弯强度和硬度分别提升259%、122%和75%;垂直燃烧等级达到V-0级,极限氧指数高达50.1%,热释放速率峰值降低60.1%,总热释放量和总烟释放量分别减少44.7%和95.1%,一氧化碳释放量下降31.2%;对黑曲霉的防治效力可达100%。该研究为改善速生材材质提供新途径,制备的改性木材在防火安全工程和结构建筑领域具有潜在的应用价值。
Paulownia fortunei suffers from insufficient tensile strength,high flammability,and susceptibility to mold,which severely limit its application in furniture and architectural decoration materials.To address these issues,this study proposes a synergistic method combing bleaching,impregnation,and hot pressing.First,Paulownia fortunei was bleached with 30%hydrogen peroxide(H2O2)for 3 hours,preserving its natural porous structure and partial lignin content while increasing interfacial binding sites.The bleached wood was subsequently immersed in a 4%chitosan(CS)solution under a vacuum of-0.1 MPa for 30 minutes.Afterwards,a 40%sodium silicate(Na2SiO3)solution was uniformly applied to the wood surface.Finally,the impregnated wood was cured and densified through hot pressing at 80℃under 5 MPa.The modified wood showed increases in tensile strength,bending strength and hardness of 259%,122%and 75%,respectively,compared to natural wood,with a weight gain of 18.9%and a compression rate of 75%.Regarding flame retardancy,the vertical burning rating reached V-0,the limiting oxygen index(LOI)was 50.1%,the peak heat release rate(HRR)decreased by 60.1%,total heat release(THR)and total smoke release(TSR)decreased by 44.7%and 95.1%,respectively,and carbon monoxide release(COP)decreased by 31.2%.In terms of anti-corrosion performance,this material can effectively resist Aspergillus niger,with the mold-infected area of 0,achieving 100%mold control efficiency(MCE).This study provided a novel approach for improving the quality of fast-growing wood,and the resulting modified wood shows significant potential for applications in fire safety engineering and structural construction.
作者
梁博楠
张坤
刘苏玲
刘小桢
李雪琪
樊雪勤
张杨
甘文涛
LIANG Bonan;ZHANG Kun;LIU Suling;LIU Xiaozhen;LI Xueqi;FAN Xueqin;ZHANG Yang;GAN Wentao(College of Materials Science and Engineering,Northeast Forestry University,Key Laboratory of Biomass Materials Science and Technology,Ministry of Education,Harbin 150040,Heilongjiang,China)
出处
《木材科学与技术》
北大核心
2025年第6期43-52,61,共11页
Chinese Journal of Wood Science and Technology
基金
“十四五”国家重点研发计划“木质前沿新材料制造关键技术”(2023YFD2201400)。
关键词
壳聚糖
硅酸钠
协同改性
力学性能
阻燃性能
防霉性能
chitosan
sodium silicate
synergistic modification
mechanical properties
flame retardant performance
mold resistant performance
