摘要
为解析茶树菇酸性多糖(AAP)的结构特征,并探究其对环磷酰胺(CY)诱导的免疫抑制小鼠肠道微环境稳态的调控作用,采用DEAE离子交换层析从茶树菇粗多糖中分离纯化酸性多糖组分,并通过高效凝胶渗透色谱、高效液相色谱、傅里叶变换红外光谱和甲基化分析对其分子质量、单糖组成和结构特征进行解析。将36只6周龄雌性小鼠随机分成6组,每组6只,设空白对照组(CON)、模型组(CY)、阳性药物组(左旋咪唑,LH)及AAP低、中、高剂量组,灌胃干预7 d后,测定小鼠体重、血清二胺氧化酶(DAO)活性及肠道β-防御素、白细胞介素-4(IL-4)、白细胞介素-10(IL-10)、白细胞介素-17(IL-17)、肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、丙二醛(MDA)含量。结构分析表明,AAP是一种分子质量为6.248 kDa的酸性多糖,主要由葡萄糖、半乳糖、岩藻糖和葡萄糖醛酸构成,主链以1→6糖苷键连接,并具有高度分支化结构。动物试验结果表明,AAP能显著缓解CY引起的小鼠体重下降,降低血清DAO活性,促进肠道β-防御素分泌并调节IL-4、IL-10、IL-17和TNF-α水平,同时提高SOD活性并降低MDA含量。表明,AAP具有明确的结构特征,可通过多途径协同调节免疫抑制小鼠的肠道微环境稳态,可为AAP开发为一种新型的畜禽免疫调节剂提供试验依据。
This study aimed to elucidate the structural characteristics of an acidic polysaccharide from Agrocybe aegerita(AAP)and to investigate its regulatory effects on the intestinal microenvironment homeostasis in cyclophosphamide(CY)-induced immunosuppressed mice.AAP was isolated and purified from crude A.aegerita polysaccharides by DEAE ion-exchange chromatography.Its structural features,including molecular weight,monosaccharide composition,and glycosidic linkages,were characterized using high-performance gel permeation chromatography,high-performance liquid chromatography,fourier transform infrared spectroscopy,and methylation analysis.Thirty-six 6-week-old female mice were randomly assigned to six groups(n=6 per group),including the blank control(CON),model(CY),positive drug(LH),and AAP low-,medium-,and high-dose groups.Following a 7-day intervention via oral gavage,measurements were taken for body weight changes,serum diamine oxidase(DAO)activity,as well as intestinal levels of β-defensin,interleukin-4(IL-4),interleukin-10(IL-10),interleukin-17(IL-17),tumor necrosis factor-alpha(TNF-α),superoxide dismutase(SoD)activity,and malondialdehyde(MDA)content.Structural analysis revealed that AAP was an acidic polysaccharide with molecular weight of 6.248 kDa,primarily composed of glucose,galactose,fucose,and glucuronic acid,with highly branched structure and a backbone dominated by of 1→6 glycosidic linkages.Animal experiments demonstrated that AAP significantly alleviated CY-induced body weight loss,reduced serum DAO activity,promoted the secretion of intestinalβ-defensin,and modulated the levels of IL-4,IL-10,IL-17 and TNF-α.Furthermore,AAP increased intestinal SOD activity and decreased MDA content.In conclusion,AAP possesses a well-defined structure and can synergistically regulate the intestinal microenvironment homeostasis in immunosuppressed mice through multiple pathways.This study provides a experimental foundation for developing AAP as a novel immunomodulator for livestock and poultry.
作者
武彩红
蔡高峰
丁爱云
刘朋
邱树磊
陈晓兰
张斌
陆辉
WU Caihong;CAI Gaofeng;DING Aiyun;LIU Peng;QIU Shulei;CHEN Xiaolan;ZHANG Bin;LU Hui(Jiangsu Agri-animal Husbandry Vocational College,Taizhou 225300,China;College of Veterinary Medicine,Nanjing Agricultural University,Nanjing 210095,China;Wuzhong Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Station,Suzhou 215104,China)
出处
《中国兽医科学》
北大核心
2026年第2期273-281,共9页
Chinese Veterinary Science
基金
2025年江苏高校“青蓝工程”资助项目
泰州市科技支撑计划(农业)项目(TN202119)
江苏农牧科技职业学院农牧产业核心技术创新项目(NSF2023ZR01)。
关键词
茶树菇酸性多糖
结构表征
小鼠
免疫抑制
肠道稳态
acidic polysaccharide from Agrocybe aegerita(AAP)
structural characterization
mouse
immunosuppression
intestinal homeostasis
