摘要
目的:基于健康生态学模型探讨不同慢性病防治素养居民患慢性病的影响因素,提出有针对性的慢性病防控措施。方法:2024年9—11月,采用多阶段分层随机抽样法调查江门市新会区6022名常住居民,按是否具备慢性病防治素养对其进行分组,从个人特征、行为方式、人际网络、生活和工作条件、政策环境5个维度分析新会区常住居民患慢性病的影响因素。结果:新会区常住居民慢性病总患病率为31.27%,具备慢性病防治素养组患病率(25.18%)低于不具备组(33.09%)。两组共同患慢性病的影响因素为年龄、家族史、超重/肥胖和工作状态。此外,两组人群慢性病患病影响因素不同,其中,具备慢性病防治素养组影响因素为性别、受教育程度和人均年收入,不具备组影响因素为行为习惯(吸烟、饮酒、睡眠)和婚姻状况(P<0.05)。结论:不同慢性病防治素养人群慢性病影响因素既有共性也存在差异性。应以慢性病防治素养的提升为核心,普及健康教育,基于慢性病防治素养差异实施有针对性的防控措施和健康管理,有效预防慢性病的发生。
OBJECTIVE Based on the health ecology model,the differences of influencing factors of chronic diseases among residents with different literacy levels were explored,and targeted prevention and control measures of chronic diseases were proposed.METHODS From September to November 2024,a multi-stage stratified random sampling method was used to survey 6,022 permanent residents in Xinhui District of Jiangmen.The study analyzed the influencing factors of chronic diseases in Xinhui District from five dimensions:individual,behavior,interpersonal,living and working conditions,and policy,based on the prevention and treatment literacy of chronic diseases.RESULTS The total prevalence of chronic diseases was 31.27%among the permanent residents in Xinhui District,and the group with literacy(25.18%)was lower than the group without literacy(33.09%).The common influencing factors were age,family history,overweight and obesity,and working status.In addition,there were different influencing factors in the two groups,among which gender,education level and per capita income were in the group with literacy,and behavior habits(smoking,drinking,sleep)and marriage were in the group without literacy(P<0.05).CONCLUSION The influencing factors of chronic diseases in people with different literacy levels have both similarities and specificities.With the improvement of literacy as the core,universal health education,and targeted prevention and control measures and health management should be implemented based on literacy differences to prevent the occurrence of chronic diseases.
作者
林颖瑜
苏巧云
罗沛甜
Lin Yingyu;Su Qiaoyun;Luo Peitian(Xinhui District Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Ji angmen,Guangdong,529100,China)
出处
《中国初级卫生保健》
2026年第1期33-37,54,共6页
Chinese Primary Health Care
基金
2024年度江门市医疗卫生科技计划项目(2024YL08001)。
关键词
健康生态学模型
慢性病
影响因素
慢性病防治素养
health ecology model
chronic diseases
influencing factors
literacy on prevention and control of chronic diseases
