摘要
Neuropsychiatric disorders continue to be a significant global health challenge,with current pharmacological and behavioral interventions o ften yielding suboptimal results due to interindividual variability and limited long-term efficacy.In recent years,peripheral nerve stimulation(PNS)has emerged as a promising neuromodulation technique for these difficult-to-treat conditions.Accumulating clinical evidence,including randomized trials,demonstrates the efficacy of PNS approaches-such as transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation(taVNS)for depression[1],and trigeminal nerve stimulation(TNS)for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder(ADHD)[2]-with broader applications continuing to be explored[3-6](Fig.1).
基金
supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2023YFC2506800)
the National Programs for Brain Science and Brain-like Intelligence Technology of China(STI2030-Major Projects,2021ZD0200800)
the National Natural Science Foundation of China(82201644 and 82471505)
supported by the German Research Foundation(DFG KR 4555/10-1)。
