摘要
为研究NaCl盐度与NaHCO_(3)碱度对新疆土著经济鱼类河鲈(Percafluviatilis)幼鱼的急性毒性效应、早期行为反应及生长性能的影响。基于盐度和碱度单一胁迫控制进行急性毒性试验,以淡水组为对照,设置了NaCl盐度(10.00、11.00、12.00、13.00、14.00g/L)和NaHCO_(3)碱度(15.00、17.00、19.00、21.00、25.00mmol/L)共10个处理组,分析96h内河鲈幼鱼的死亡率及行为学特征,获得半致死浓度(LC_(50))与安全浓度(SC)。基于急性毒性试验设置淡水组、NaCl盐水处理组(7.00g/L)和NaHCO_(3)碱水处理组(10.00mmol/L)进行30d的养殖试验,比较其存活率、特定生长率和肥满度。结果表明,淡水组幼鱼未出现死亡个体,无明显应激反应,水质保持清洁。河鲈幼鱼随盐碱浓度与时间的延长,出现急游、翻滚、惊跳、摄食抑制等异常行为,在24h时,NaCl盐度LC_(50)为13.58g/L,SC为2.76g/L,NaHCO_(3)碱度LC_(50)为22.71mmol/L,SC为2.35mmol/L。经过30d养殖试验,淡水组、盐水组和碱水组存活率无显著差异(P>0.05),平均体重、体长及特定生长率均为淡水组最高、碱水组最低,盐水组居中,肥满度盐水组最高,碱水组最低,淡水组居中。综上,河鲈幼鱼对盐度的适应能力强于碱度,河鲈对盐度胁迫具有一定耐受性,而碱度胁迫对其生长具有抑制作用,结果可为盐碱水河鲈苗种驯化及增养殖提供理论依据。
In order to study the acute toxic effects,early behavioral responses,and impacts on growth performance of NaCl salinity and NaHCO_(3) alkalinity on juvenile perch of Perca fluviatilis,an indigenous economic fish species in Xinjiang.Acute toxicity experiments were conducted under stress exposures of salinity and alkalinity,with the freshwater group as the control.Ten treatment groups were set up,including NaCl salinity(10.O0,11.00,12.00,13.00,14.00 g/L)and NaHCO_(3) alkalinity(15.00,17.00,19.00,21.00,25.00 mmol/L).Mor tality and behavioral characteristics were recorded within 96-hour to determine the median lethal concentration(LC_(50))and safe concentration(SC).Based on acute toxicity tests,freshwater,NaCl saline(7.O0 g/L),and NaHCO_(3) alkaline water(10.00 mmol/L)groups were established for a 30 d growth culture experiment to compare survival rates,specific growth rates,and fat content.The results show that,no mortality or significant stress responses were observed in the freshwater control group,with clean water conditions.In contrast,as the salinity and alkalinity concentrations and exposure time increased,juvenile perch showed abnormal behaviors,including rapid swimming,rolling,jumping and feeding inhibition.At 24 h,the NaCl salinity LC_(50) was 13.58 g/L,the SC was 2.76 g/L,the NaHCO_(3) alkalinity LC_(50) was 22.71 mmol/L,and the SC was 2.35 mmol/L.After a 30-day rearing experiment,no significant differences in survival rates were observed among the freshwater,saline water,and alkaline water groups.Average weight,body length,and specific growth rate were highest in the freshwater group,lowest in the alkaline water group,and intermediate in the saline water group.Condition factor(CF)was highest in the saline water group,lowest in the alkaline water group,and intermediate in the freshwater group.In summary,the juvenile perch exhibits greater adaptability to salinity than to alkalinity,possess a certain tolerance to salinity stress,while alkalinity stress exerts an inhibitory effect on their growth.The study provides a theoretical basis for the domestication and aquaculture of Perca fluviatilis in saline and alkaline waters.
作者
吴勋恒
郑雨菡
吴瑞辰
冯华伟
张俊杰
韩志豪
杨艺
WU Xun-heng;ZHENG Yu-han;WU Rui-chen;FENG Hua-wei;ZHANG Jun-jie;HAN Zhi-hao;YANG Yi(Xinjiang Key Laboratory for Ecological Adaptation and Evolution of Extreme Environment Organisms,College of Life Sciences,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi 830052,China;Wujiaqu Qinghu Fishery Co.,Ltd.,Wujiaqu 831399,China)
出处
《新疆农业大学学报》
2025年第4期270-277,共8页
Journal of Xinjiang Agricultural University
基金
新疆维吾尔自治区第二批天山英才培养计划青年托举人才项目(2023TSYCQNTJ0034)
新疆维吾尔自治区重点研发项目(2023B02037-2-2)
关键词
河鲈
幼鱼
盐碱胁迫
急性毒性
行为特征
生长性能
Perca fluviatilis
juvenile perch
salt-alkali stress
acute toxicity
behavioral characteristics
growth performance
