摘要
针对某型航天伺服反馈电位计输出信号异常的失效问题,基于该型号电位计的组成结构和工作原理,得出电位计输出信号与电位计电阻管之间的关联性。首先,对同一型号的失效电位计和正常电位计进行电位计电气性能测试及电阻管显微观察,发现微生物附着是引起电位计输出信号异常的主要原因。随后,通过微生物附着试验、微生物附着后的电特性测试及显微观察、电位计电阻丝成分分析等实验,验证了电位计存储过程出现微生物附着导致失效的可能性。研究表明,影响电位计失效的主要因素可归纳为三类:一是电阻管与电刷接触路径存在划痕和凹坑;二是电阻管接触路径附着微生物等有机物;三是电阻管表面的碳膜出现严重磨损。划痕和凹坑主要源于维修过程中人为误伤,而微生物附着则与电位计的存储环境及电阻管材料密切相关。电位计电阻管表面的碳膜能够有效保护电阻管并具有一定抗菌作用,可减少微生物的生长、附着,从而降低电位计失效可能性。因此,改进电位计的维护操作规范、优化存储环境并选用具有抗菌性的涂层材料,可以提高电位计的可靠性和使用寿命。
In response to the failure of a certain type of aerospace servo-feedback potentiometer with abnormal output signal,the correlation between the output signal of the potentiometer and the resistance tube of the potentiometer is concluded based on the analysis of the structure and working principle of the potentiometer;the electrical performance test of the potentiometer and the microscopic observation of the resistance tube of the same type of failed potentiometer and normal potentiometer are carried out,and it is found that microbial adhesion is the main reason for the abnormal output signal of the potentiometer.Subsequently,the possibility of failure caused by microbial attachment during the storage process of potentiometers is verified through experimental means such as microbial attachment test,electrical property test and microscopic observation after microbial attachment,and analysis of the composition of potentiometer resistor wires.The study shows that the main factors of potentiometer failure can be summarized into three categories:first,the existence of scratches and pits in the contact path between the resistor tube and brushes;second,the attachment of microorganisms and other organic matter in the contact path of the resistor tube;third,the difference in the material composition of the resistor tube.Scratches and pits mainly originate from the maintenance process of human error,while microbial attachment is closely related to the potentiometer storage environment and resistance tube materials.The carbon film on the surface of the potentiometer’s resistance tube can effectively protect the tube and has a certain antimicrobial effect,which reduces the growth and attachment of microorganisms and decreases the possibility of potentiometer failure.Therefore,by improving the maintenance specification of potentiometers,optimizing the storage environment and selecting antimicrobial coating materials,the reliability and service life of potentiometers can be improved.
作者
阙铭
邓日棉
关伟
张应红
QUE Ming;DENG Rimian;GUAN Wei;ZHANG Yinghong(Guilin University of Electronic Science and Technology,Guilin Guangxi 541004,China;State-run Changhong Machinery Factory,Guilin Guangxi 541000,China)
出处
《海军航空大学学报》
2026年第1期188-196,216,共10页
Journal of Naval Aviation University
基金
广西重点研发计划(桂科AB25069272)。
关键词
位移传感器
电位计
微生物附着试验
机理分析
displacement sensor
potentiometer
microbial attachment test
mechanistic analysis
