摘要
针对高能辐射技术在高分子材料改性中存在的机理差异大、适用场景模糊等问题,分析了厘清电子束、γ射线、X射线、紫外及等离子体5种主流技术的异同,为材料的精准改性与工艺选择提供理论依据。基于近十年国内外文献,从辐射能量传递原理出发,系统阐述了辐射交联、接枝、固化及降解等核心机理,重点对比了5种技术在穿透深度、改性效率及装备成本上的差异,并归纳了其在力学增强、阻隔改性及生物相容性调控等方面的应用进展。最后提出未来的研究应聚焦于多技术协同效应(如辐射-化学联用)、改性过程的精准控制以及低成本工业化装备的开发,以拓展其在高附加值领域的应用深度。
To address the challenges associated with significant mechanism discrepancies and ambiguous application scenarios of high-energy radiation technologies in polymer modification,the work aims to elucidate the distinctions among five mainstream techniques:electron beam(EB),gamma-ray,X-ray,ultraviolet(UV),and plasma,so as to provide a theoretical basis for precise material modification and optimal process selection.Based on a systematic review of domestic and international literature from the past decade,core mechanisms,including radiation crosslinking,grafting,curing,and degradation,starting from the principles of radiation energy transfer were elaborated.A comparative analysis is conducted regarding the penetration depth,modification efficiency,and equipment costs of the five techniques.Furthermore,their progress in applications such as mechanical reinforcement,barrier property improvement,and biocompatibility regulation is summarized.Finally,it is proposed that future research should focus on multi-technology synergistic effects(e.g.,radiation-chemical coupling),precise control of the modification process,and the development of low-cost industrial equipment to expand its depth of application in high-value-added fields.
作者
陈捷妤
罗文翰
李结瑶
王梁彬
蓝碧锋
CHEN Jieyu;LUO Wenhan;LI Jieyao;WANG Liangbin;LAN Bifeng(College of Food Science and Technology,Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering,Guangzhou 510230,China;Guangzhou Huashang Vocational College,Guangzhou 511300,China;Maoming Green Chemical Research Institute,Guangdong Maoming,525000,China;Guangzhou Kejin High-energy Technology Co.,Ltd.,Guangzhou 510000,China)
出处
《包装工程》
北大核心
2026年第3期69-83,共15页
Packaging Engineering
基金
非均相PLA反应性增塑及分子动力学模拟(B32320740)
广东省科协青年科技人才培育计划(SKXRC2025297)。
关键词
高能辐射
高分子材料
辐射改性
high-energy radiation
polymer materials
radiation modification
