摘要
目前采用电磁辐射监测技术对巷道进行非接触式定向测量,虽然能够实现大范围的区域性扫查,但在巨厚煤层开采实践中存在抗干扰能力差、无法深入煤岩内部等问题。针对上述问题,研制了适用于钻孔内移动式监测的钻孔电磁辐射监测系统。该系统采用小截面积、低电感量的钻孔电磁辐射天线磁心,在0~20 kHz频段具有最佳响应特性,有效解决了井下复杂电磁环境及长距离传输信号衰减难题,可实现对煤体深部微弱电磁辐射信号的精准捕捉。使用钻孔电磁辐射监测系统对国网能源新疆准东煤电有限公司准东二矿1101工作面沿煤层倾向、工作面走向和大直径钻孔卸压过程的电磁辐射开展了现场实测,结果表明:钻孔电磁辐射强度及计数与围岩应力分布具有显著相关性——沿煤层倾向的钻孔电磁辐射信号分布形态精确表征了深部围岩应力集中区,根据沿工作面走向的钻孔电磁辐射信号分布形态可有效界定原岩应力区与采动影响区的空间边界,实现了对巨厚煤层开采围岩应力状态的精准反演;卸压过程中的钻孔电磁辐射时序演化过程对应围岩卸压沉默期、应力调整与波动期、流变损伤活跃期3个阶段,有效表征了围岩卸压期的应力演化过程。
Electromagnetic radiation monitoring technology is currently used to conduct non-contact directional measurements in roadways,which enables large-scale regional scanning,but in the practice of ultrathick coal seam extraction it suffers from poor anti-interference performance and the inability to penetrate into the coal-rock mass.To address these problems,a borehole electromagnetic radiation monitoring system suitable for mobile monitoring inside boreholes was developed.The system employed a borehole electromagnetic radiation antenna with a small cross-sectional area and low inductance magnetic core,which exhibited optimal response characteristics in the frequency band of 0-20 kHz and effectively overcame the challenges of complex underground electromagnetic environments and signal attenuation during long-distance transmission,enabling accurate capture of weak electromagnetic radiation signals from deep coal mass.Field measurements of electromagnetic radiation were conducted using the borehole electromagnetic radiation monitoring system at the 1101 working face of Zhundong No.2 Mine of State Grid Energy Xinjiang Zhundong Coal Power Co.,Ltd.along the coal seam dip direction,the working face strike direction,and during the pressure relief process of largediameter boreholes.The results showed that the intensity and counts of borehole electromagnetic radiation were significantly correlated with the distribution of surrounding rock stress.The spatial distribution patterns of borehole electromagnetic radiation signals along the coal seam dip direction accurately characterized deep surrounding rock stress concentration zones,and the distribution patterns along the working face strike direction effectively delineated the spatial boundaries between the in-situ stress zone and the mining-affected zone,enabling accurate inversion of the surrounding rock stress state during ultra-thick coal seam extraction.The temporal evolution of borehole electromagnetic radiation during the pressure relief process corresponded to three stages,namely the pressure relief silence stage,the stress adjustment and fluctuation stage,and the rheological damage active stage,which effectively characterized the stress evolution of surrounding rock during the pressure relief period.
作者
彭宝山
方珍珠
康忠全
廖培武
孙强
申峰
胡艳波
邱黎明
夏宏根
何生全
PENG Baoshan;FANG Zhenzhu;KANG Zhongquan;LIAO Peiwu;SUN Qiang;SHEN Feng;HU Yanbo;QIU Liming;XIA Honggen;HE Shengquan(State Grid Energy Xinjiang Zhundong Coal Power Co.,Ltd.,Changji 831800,China;School of Resources and Safety Engineering,University of Science and Technology Beijing,Beijing 100083,China)
出处
《工矿自动化》
北大核心
2026年第1期30-38,共9页
Journal of Mine Automation
基金
国家自然科学基金面上项目(52574225)
国家自然科学基金联合基金项目(U24B2045)
中国博士后科学基金项目(2025T180498)。
关键词
巨厚煤层开采
围岩应力
钻孔电磁辐射
钻孔天线
电磁辐射强度
电磁辐射计数
ultra-thick coal seam extraction
surrounding rock stress
borehole electromagnetic radiation
borehole antenna
electromagnetic radiation intensity
electromagnetic radiation counts
